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Why hormones can contact virtually all the cells of your body yet only activate the appropiate target cells?
The receptor molecules have the " lock " that the " key " of the hormone fits into . Surface markers, generally glycoproteins, must match up for the hormone to dock at the cell and a signal transduction pathway is then initiated.
What determines if a cell is a target cell for a particular hormone?
If the signal molecule is able to fit through the cell membrane, it will bind to an intracellular receptor, if it cannot pass through the cell membrane, it will bind to an external membrane-surface receptor.
What must be present on tissue or an organ in order for it to respond to the presence of a hormone?
There are certain receptors for some specific hormones on the cell membranes of the target cells of the hormone. They are activated by the hormone and combine with it to form a complex that undergoes a series of receptor mediated reactiions to perform the particular function inside the cell. Some hormones pass through the cell membrane and interact with the receptors present on the membrane of cell organelles. Some hormones like thyroxine interact directly with the nucleus and trigger metabolic enzyme synthesis for increasing BMR
Why must some hormones bind to membrane receptor on a target cell's surface in order to activate it?
Some hormones are unable to cross the cell membrane due to their size or chemical properties, so they must bind to a membrane receptor on the cell's surface to propagate their signal into the cell. This binding triggers a cascade of intracellular events that ultimately lead to the cell's response to the hormone.
Why do hormones cause changes only in specific body organ?
Because most hormones are very specific and are secreted for certain processes. However not all of them are so specific as far as organ function, take GH or the growth hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary), this hormone is involved with growth of bone and muscle all over your body. Also, even if hormones are specific to what they cause, those causes all trigger and affect other things within our bodies.
Why hormones can contact virtually all the cells of your body yet only activate the appropiate target cells?
The receptor molecules have the " lock " that the " key " of the hormone fits into . Surface markers, generally glycoproteins, must match up for the hormone to dock at the cell and a signal transduction pathway is then initiated.
What determines if a cell is a target cell for a particular hormone?
If the signal molecule is able to fit through the cell membrane, it will bind to an intracellular receptor, if it cannot pass through the cell membrane, it will bind to an external membrane-surface receptor.
What must be present on tissue or an organ in order for it to respond to the presence of a hormone?
There are certain receptors for some specific hormones on the cell membranes of the target cells of the hormone. They are activated by the hormone and combine with it to form a complex that undergoes a series of receptor mediated reactiions to perform the particular function inside the cell. Some hormones pass through the cell membrane and interact with the receptors present on the membrane of cell organelles. Some hormones like thyroxine interact directly with the nucleus and trigger metabolic enzyme synthesis for increasing BMR
Why must some hormones bind to membrane receptor on a target cell's surface in order to activate it?
Some hormones are unable to cross the cell membrane due to their size or chemical properties, so they must bind to a membrane receptor on the cell's surface to propagate their signal into the cell. This binding triggers a cascade of intracellular events that ultimately lead to the cell's response to the hormone.
Why do hormones cause changes only in specific body organ?
Because most hormones are very specific and are secreted for certain processes. However not all of them are so specific as far as organ function, take GH or the growth hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary), this hormone is involved with growth of bone and muscle all over your body. Also, even if hormones are specific to what they cause, those causes all trigger and affect other things within our bodies.
Which type of hormone receptor-plasma membrane bound or intracellular- would be expected to provide the most long lived response to hormone binding and why?
Intracellular receptor responses would be longer since they create a hormone-receptor complex which stimulates the production of mRNA, which then creates proteins. This complex must be degraded over time. Also, the entire process takes longer. Intracellular receptor responses would be longer since they create a hormone-receptor complex which stimulates the production of mRNA, which then creates proteins. This complex must be degraded over time. Also, the entire process takes longer.
When Many biological catalysts hormones and receptor molecules are similar in that in order to function properly they must?
Many biological catalysts, hormones, and receptor molecules must maintain a specific three-dimensional shape to function properly. This structural integrity allows them to interact effectively with their target substrates or cells, facilitating biochemical reactions or signaling processes. Any change in shape, often due to environmental factors or mutations, can impair their functionality and disrupt normal biological processes.
Why can viruses only affect certain cells in your body?
Viruses can only affect certain cells in the body because they rely on specific receptors on the surface of host cells to gain entry. Each virus has a unique structure that allows it to bind to particular receptor proteins, which are only present on certain cell types. Additionally, the internal machinery and conditions of these target cells must be suitable for the virus to replicate. This specificity determines the range of tissues or organs a virus can infect.
In order for a lymphocyte to respond to an antigen the antigen must?
the antigen must bind to the receptor
What are the two general modes of hormone action?
Lipid-soluble hormones are able to penetrate through the cell membrane and bind to receptors located inside the cell. Such hormones diffuse across the plasma membrane and target those receptor cells found within the cytoplasm. Lipid-soluble hormones target the cytoplasmic receptors which readily diffuse into the nucleus and act on the DNA, inhibiting and stimulating certain proteins. lipid-insoluble are unable to penetrate through the plasma membrane and function with their target cells in a much different and complex manner. Lipid-insoluble hormones must bind with cell-surface receptors which follow a different path involving a second messenger. The hormone's inability to penetrate the membrane requires a second messenger which translates the outer message and functions within the cell.
Why do endorphines make you feel 'good'?
Because there must be a brain receptor that responds to certain music that you like. This receptor must have originated in Africa because most Africans seem to have the "beat", while most Europeans don't
Do Endorphins make you feel good?
Because there must be a brain receptor that responds to certain music that you like. This receptor must have originated in Africa because most Africans seem to have the "beat", while most Europeans don't
