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Is C Freundii rod shaped?
Yes, Citrobacter freundii is a rod-shaped bacterium. It is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacterium that is commonly found in the environment and in the intestinal tract of humans and animals.
A drug that inhibits mitosis such as griseofulvin would be more effective against a. Fungi. b. Gram-positive bacteria c. Mycobacteria d. Wall-less bacteria e. Gram-negative bacteria?
a. Fungi. Griseofulvin is effective against fungi by disrupting their mitotic spindle formation during cell division.
What does gram positive and gram negative mean?
Gram positive and gram negative is one way of classifying a bacteria.Gram positive bacterias have a cell wall which will stain in violet color. Gram negative bacterias, however, have an extra layer of cell wall around them which prevents the cell wall from being dyed. These gram negative bacterias will need an additional stain called safranin to make the bacterias redish, or pink color. Also Gram positive bacterias have a higher amount of RNA than gram negative baterias. This could be because indirectly peptidoglycan is a protein and the higher amount of protein production means a higher amount of RNA production.there is only difference in gram positive and negative is of cell wall as :The Gram positive cell wallThe Gram positive cell wall is characterised by the presence of a very thick peptidoglycan layer, which is responsible for the retention of the crystal violet dyes during the Gram staining procedure. It is found exclusively in organisms belonging to the Actinobacteria (or high %G+C Gram positive organisms) and the Firmicutes (or low %G+C Gram positive organisms). Bacteria within the Deinococcus-Thermus group may also exhibit Gram positive staining behaviour but contain some cell wall structures typical of Gram negative organisms. Imbedded in the Gram positive cell wall are polyalcohols called teichoic acids, some of which are lipid-linked to form lipoteichoic acids. Because lipoteichoic acids are covalently linked to lipids within the cytoplasmic membrane they are responsible for linking the peptidoglycan to the cytoplasmic membrane. Teichoic acids give the Gram positive cell wall an overall negative charge due to the presence of phosphodiester bonds between teichoic acid monomers.The Gram negative cell wallUnlike the Gram positive cell wall, the Gram negative cell wall contains a thin peptidoglycan layer adjacent to the cytoplasmic membrane, which is responsible for the cell wall's inability to retain the crystal violet stain upon decolourisation with ethanol during Gram staining. In addition to the peptidoglycan layer the Gram negative cell wall also contains an additional outer membrane composed by phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides which face into the external environment. The highly charged nature of lipopolysaccharides confer an overall negative charge to the Gram negative cell wall. The chemical structure of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharides is often unique to specific bacterial strains (i.e. sub-species) and is responsible for many of the antigenic properties of these strains.As a phospholipid bilayer, the lipid portion of the outer membrane is largely impermeable to all charged molecules. However, channels called porins are present in the outer membrane that allow for passive transport of many ions, sugars and amino acids across the outer membrane. These molecules are therefore present in the periplasm, the region between the plasma membrane and outer membrane. The periplasm contains the peptidoglycan layer and many proteins responsible for substrate binding or hydrolysis and reception of extracellular signals. The periplasm is thought to exist as a gel-like state rather than a liquid due to the high concentration of proteins and peptidoglycan found within it. Because of its location between the cytoplasmic and outer membranes, signals received and substrates bound are available to be transported across the cytoplasmic membrane using transport and signalling proteins imbedded there.
What is the differences between gram positive and gram negative cells?
Gram was a scientist who invented a technique called Gram staining by which bacteria can be colorized and divided into two groups.Gram positiveappearance: blue to transfer to purpleStructure: Have thick layer of peptidoglycan over inner cytoplasmic membrane.They lack LPS-lipopolysaccharides.Gram negativeappearance: pink to transfer to redStructure: In gram negative bacteria the peptidoglycan layer is thinner and is located between space of the outer and inner cytoplasmic membrane.The cell wall contains LPS, which make them virulent.
What can result in a gram-positive organism staining gram-negative?
The following characteristics are generally present in a Gram-positive bacterium.cytoplasmic lipid membrane teichoic acids and lipoids are present, forming lipoteichoic acids which serve to act as chelating agents, and also for certain types of adherence.thick peptidoglycan layercapsule polysaccharides (only in some species) if present, it contains two rings for support as opposed to four in Gram-negative bacteria because Gram-positive bacteria have only one membrane layer.flagellum (only in some species)Although there is only difference in gram positive and negative is of cell wall as :The Gram positive cell wallThe Gram positive cell wall is characterised by the presence of a very thick peptidoglycan layer, which is responsible for the retention of the crystal violet dyes during the Gram staining procedure. It is found exclusively in organisms belonging to the Actinobacteria (or high %G+C Gram positive organisms) and the Firmicutes (or low %G+C Gram positive organisms). Bacteria within the Deinococcus-Thermus group may also exhibit Gram positive staining behaviour but contain some cell wall structures typical of Gram negative organisms. Imbedded in the Gram positive cell wall are polyalcohols called teichoic acids, some of which are lipid-linked to form lipoteichoic acids. Because lipoteichoic acids are covalently linked to lipids within the cytoplasmic membrane they are responsible for linking the peptidoglycan to the cytoplasmic membrane. Teichoic acids give the Gram positive cell wall an overall negative charge due to the presence of phosphodiester bonds between teichoic acid monomers.The Gram negative cell wallUnlike the Gram positive cell wall, the Gram negative cell wall contains a thin peptidoglycan layer adjacent to the cytoplasmic membrane, which is responsible for the cell wall's inability to retain the crystal violet stain upon decolourisation with ethanol during Gram staining. In addition to the peptidoglycan layer the Gram negative cell wall also contains an additional outer membrane composed by phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides which face into the external environment. The highly charged nature of lipopolysaccharides confer an overall negative charge to the Gram negative cell wall. The chemical structure of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharides is often unique to specific bacterial strains (i.e. sub-species) and is responsible for many of the antigenic properties of these strains.As a phospholipid bilayer, the lipid portion of the outer membrane is largely impermeable to all charged molecules. However, channels called porins are present in the outer membrane that allow for passive transport of many ions, sugars and amino acids across the outer membrane. These molecules are therefore present in the periplasm, the region between the plasma membrane and outer membrane. The periplasm contains the peptidoglycan layer and many proteins responsible for substrate binding or hydrolysis and reception of extracellular signals. The periplasm is thought to exist as a gel-like state rather than a liquid due to the high concentration of proteins and peptidoglycan found within it. Because of its location between the cytoplasmic and outer membranes, signals received and substrates bound are available to be transported across the cytoplasmic membrane using transport and signalling proteins imbedded there.
Is C Freundii rod shaped?
Yes, Citrobacter freundii is a rod-shaped bacterium. It is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacterium that is commonly found in the environment and in the intestinal tract of humans and animals.
Is c. difficile gram positive?
No, Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive bacterium.
What is a positive minus a positive?
It depends. (a) a positive minus a smaller positive is positive, (b) a positive minus a positive of the same size is zero, and (c) a positive minus a bigger positive is negative. For example, (a) 8 - 6 = 2 (b) 8 - 8 = 0 (c) 8 - 11 = -3
Is fifteen celsius positive or negative?
15 C is positive
Which Gram negative or gram positive bacteria more dangerous?
Gram-negative bacteria are more dangerous as disease organisms, because their outer membrane is often hidden by a capsule or slime layer which hides the antigens of the cell and so acts as "camouflage" - the human body recognises a foreign body by its antigens; if they are hidden, it becomes harder for the body to detect the invader.
A drug that inhibits mitosis such as griseofulvin would be more effective against a. Fungi. b. Gram-positive bacteria c. Mycobacteria d. Wall-less bacteria e. Gram-negative bacteria?
a. Fungi. Griseofulvin is effective against fungi by disrupting their mitotic spindle formation during cell division.
What is meant by gram positive?
Gram positive bacterias have a cell wall which will stain in violet color.The following characteristics are generally present in a Gram-positive bacterium.cytoplasmic lipid membrane teichoic acids and lipoids are present, forming lipoteichoic acids which serve to act as chelating agents, and also for certain types of adherence.thick peptidoglycan layercapsule polysaccharides (only in some species) if present, it contains two rings for support as opposed to four in Gram-negative bacteria because Gram-positive bacteria have only one membrane layer.flagellum (only in some species)The Gram positive cell wallThe Gram positive cell wall is characterised by the presence of a very thick peptidoglycan layer, which is responsible for the retention of the crystal violet dyes during the Gram staining procedure. It is found exclusively in organisms belonging to the Actinobacteria (or high %G+C Gram positive organisms) and the Firmicutes (or low %G+C Gram positive organisms). Bacteria within the Deinococcus-Thermus group may also exhibit Gram positive staining behaviour but contain some cell wall structures typical of Gram negative organisms. Imbedded in the Gram positive cell wall are polyalcohols called teichoic acids, some of which are lipid-linked to form lipoteichoic acids. Because lipoteichoic acids are covalently linked to lipids within the cytoplasmic membrane they are responsible for linking the peptidoglycan to the cytoplasmic membrane. Teichoic acids give the Gram positive cell wall an overall negative charge due to the presence of phosphodiester bonds between teichoic acid monomers.
What is the value of expression 72 divided by c?
There is not enough information available to answer this question. The result of 72 divided by c will be an error if c is zero (0), a positive number if c is positive, and a negative number if c is negative.
Information on hep c?
I need to know if a positive can then be negative for hop c
Why does the product of 4 negative numbers equal a positive?
If you know that the product of 2 negative numbers is positive, then the product of 4 negative numbers has to be positive. The product of the first two negative numbers is positive and the next two negative numbers is positive. Multiplying the product of the first two numbers (positive number) and the product of the last two numbers (also positive), is a positive number times a positive number which is positive. Let a, b, c and d be negative numbers: (a*b*c*d) = (a*b)*(c*d) (-ve*-ve*-ve*-ve)=(-ve*-ve)*(-ve*-ve)= (+ve)*(+ve) = (+ve)
What does gram positive and gram negative mean?
Gram positive and gram negative is one way of classifying a bacteria.Gram positive bacterias have a cell wall which will stain in violet color. Gram negative bacterias, however, have an extra layer of cell wall around them which prevents the cell wall from being dyed. These gram negative bacterias will need an additional stain called safranin to make the bacterias redish, or pink color. Also Gram positive bacterias have a higher amount of RNA than gram negative baterias. This could be because indirectly peptidoglycan is a protein and the higher amount of protein production means a higher amount of RNA production.there is only difference in gram positive and negative is of cell wall as :The Gram positive cell wallThe Gram positive cell wall is characterised by the presence of a very thick peptidoglycan layer, which is responsible for the retention of the crystal violet dyes during the Gram staining procedure. It is found exclusively in organisms belonging to the Actinobacteria (or high %G+C Gram positive organisms) and the Firmicutes (or low %G+C Gram positive organisms). Bacteria within the Deinococcus-Thermus group may also exhibit Gram positive staining behaviour but contain some cell wall structures typical of Gram negative organisms. Imbedded in the Gram positive cell wall are polyalcohols called teichoic acids, some of which are lipid-linked to form lipoteichoic acids. Because lipoteichoic acids are covalently linked to lipids within the cytoplasmic membrane they are responsible for linking the peptidoglycan to the cytoplasmic membrane. Teichoic acids give the Gram positive cell wall an overall negative charge due to the presence of phosphodiester bonds between teichoic acid monomers.The Gram negative cell wallUnlike the Gram positive cell wall, the Gram negative cell wall contains a thin peptidoglycan layer adjacent to the cytoplasmic membrane, which is responsible for the cell wall's inability to retain the crystal violet stain upon decolourisation with ethanol during Gram staining. In addition to the peptidoglycan layer the Gram negative cell wall also contains an additional outer membrane composed by phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides which face into the external environment. The highly charged nature of lipopolysaccharides confer an overall negative charge to the Gram negative cell wall. The chemical structure of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharides is often unique to specific bacterial strains (i.e. sub-species) and is responsible for many of the antigenic properties of these strains.As a phospholipid bilayer, the lipid portion of the outer membrane is largely impermeable to all charged molecules. However, channels called porins are present in the outer membrane that allow for passive transport of many ions, sugars and amino acids across the outer membrane. These molecules are therefore present in the periplasm, the region between the plasma membrane and outer membrane. The periplasm contains the peptidoglycan layer and many proteins responsible for substrate binding or hydrolysis and reception of extracellular signals. The periplasm is thought to exist as a gel-like state rather than a liquid due to the high concentration of proteins and peptidoglycan found within it. Because of its location between the cytoplasmic and outer membranes, signals received and substrates bound are available to be transported across the cytoplasmic membrane using transport and signalling proteins imbedded there.
What are the examples of gram positive bacteria?
B. anthracis, C. tetani, C. perfringens, C. botulinum, C. Diphtheriae, Gardnerella, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus, M. leprae, M. tuberculosis, Mycoplasma and many more are Gram +.
