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To clarify the question: the molecules do not need energy to enter or exit the cell, the cells need to spend the energy to get some molecules in or out--however, the answer to your question is: It depends on the molecule, and the cell.
Molecules can move into and out of cells by two broad methods: Passive transport, and Active transport.
Passive transport requires no energy and involves diffusion (the moving of the molecule from an area of high concentration to low concentration WITH its concentration gradient--it spreads out, into the areas where there isn't any already). One type of diffusion is regular diffusion for molecules that can pass through the membrane (these molecules are said to be "lipophilic" as they interact with the lipid membrane easily). Another type of diffusion is facilitated diffusion--the molecule uses an open channel in the cell to move (does not pass through the membrane by itself). However, the channel is open and does not require energy to function.
Active transport requires energy to work. These can be gated channels, "pumps" and other types of transport proteins. Active transport usually moves molecules AGAINST their concentration gradient (from low concentration to high concentration). This is the opposite of diffusion. Remember, the cell is paying this energy debt, not the molecule.
In general, lipophilic (hydrophobic) molecules usually do not need energy to cross the cell membrane while lipophobic (hydrophilic) molecules do. The lipophobic molecules often carry a charge (positive or negative) which renders them unable to pass through the membrane, though just a partial charge (polarity) can be enough to keep them in our out. In contrast the lipophilic molecules are electronically neutral and not polar.
What else can I help you with?
Does the process of endocytosis require energy to transport molecules into a cell?
Yes, the process of endocytosis requires energy to transport molecules into a cell.
What type of cellular process, such as exocytosis, requires energy to transport molecules out of the cell?
The cellular process that requires energy to transport molecules out of the cell is called exocytosis.
Does facilitated diffusion require energy for the movement of molecules across the cell membrane?
No, facilitated diffusion does not require energy for the movement of molecules across the cell membrane.
Does facilitated diffusion require energy for the transportation of molecules across the cell membrane?
Facilitated diffusion does not require energy for the transportation of molecules across the cell membrane.
Does facilitated diffusion require energy to transport molecules across the cell membrane?
Facilitated diffusion does not require energy to transport molecules across the cell membrane.
Does the process of endocytosis require energy to transport molecules into a cell?
Yes, the process of endocytosis requires energy to transport molecules into a cell.
How do cells of plants get the nutriens they need from photosynthesis?
The chloroplast converts sunlight into molecules and energy the cell can use.
Does exocytosis need energy?
Yes, exocytosis requires energy in the form of ATP to fuse vesicles with the cell membrane and release their contents outside the cell. This process is essential for exporting molecules such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and proteins from the cell.
What is known as the powerouse of of the cell?
The mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell. It is where energy molecules (called ATP molecules) are produces.
A cell organelle that breaks down food molecules and releases energy?
The mitochondria releases energy from food molecules. This is where all things are broken down and turned into energy for the cell.
What type of cellular process, such as exocytosis, requires energy to transport molecules out of the cell?
The cellular process that requires energy to transport molecules out of the cell is called exocytosis.
Does facilitated diffusion require energy for the movement of molecules across the cell membrane?
No, facilitated diffusion does not require energy for the movement of molecules across the cell membrane.
Does facilitated diffusion require energy for the transportation of molecules across the cell membrane?
Facilitated diffusion does not require energy for the transportation of molecules across the cell membrane.
Does facilitated diffusion require energy to transport molecules across the cell membrane?
Facilitated diffusion does not require energy to transport molecules across the cell membrane.
Does facilitated transport require energy for the movement of molecules across the cell membrane?
Yes, facilitated transport does require energy for the movement of molecules across the cell membrane.
Does a cell use energy when molecules diffuse in or out of the cell down the concentration gradient?
Diffusion is passive transport - it means that the cell doesn't use any energy transporting the materials. However, if there is more of a substance inside a cell than outside a cell (like nutrients), and the cell needs to get the nutrients in, diffusion will not owrk. The cell uses energy to do active transport and get the particles in.
The cell does not need to expand energy ATP in order to perform what?
The cell does not need to expand ATP to perform passive transport processes such as diffusion or osmosis, where molecules move from areas of high concentration to low concentration without the need for energy input.
