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Explain how nonsteroid hormones may function through an increase intracellular calcium ion concentration?
Non steroid hormones cannot diffuse freely through the cell membrane, therefore they interact with membrane receptors. There are many different types of receptors, many of which result in an increase in cellular [Ca2+], and increased cellular [Ca2+] can have a myriad of effects including cytoskeleton restructuring, muscle fibre contraction, regulation of calcium-dependent enzymes, action potential generation, secretion of vesicles, and even apoptosis. The increase in cellular [Ca2+] can be caused by as simple as the opening of a ligand(hormone)-gated calcium channel. Another far more complex, but somewhat more common pathway involves the hormone binding to a G-protein coupled receptor or a receptor tyrosine kinase, causing the receptor to activate an enzyme called PLC (phospholipase C) that will cleave a membrane phospholipid (phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate, PIP2) into two components (Inositol triphosphate, IP3, and Diacylglycerol, DAG). IP3 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and releases sequestered Ca2+, and DAG provides an anchor for another enzyme, PKC (protein kinase C). Anchored PKC is activated by the released Ca2+ and it begins to perform its duty, which is to add a phosphate group onto specific substrates, activating or deactivating them, causing a general shift in cellular dynamics.
What is the definition of trigger mechanism?
A device which sets a machine in motion, usually rapidly.
What is the difference between direct and tropic hormones in terms of their mode of action on target organs?
Direct hormones act directly on target organs by binding to specific receptors on the cell surface, triggering a response within the cell. Tropic hormones, on the other hand, act indirectly by stimulating the release of other hormones from endocrine glands, which then affect the target organs.
How do neurotransmitters differ from hormones in terms of their functions and modes of action within the body?
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals between nerve cells, while hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various bodily functions. Neurotransmitters act locally at synapses, while hormones travel through the bloodstream to target cells.
What is the mechanism of action of serotonin 5HT3 antagonists in the treatment of nausea and vomiting?
Serotonin 5HT3 antagonists work by blocking the action of serotonin on specific receptors in the gut and brain, which helps to reduce nausea and vomiting.
What is the difference between how steroid and nonsteroid hormones activate cell responses?
Steroid hormones, being lipid-soluble, easily pass through cell membranes and bind to intracellular receptors, directly influencing gene expression and protein synthesis in the nucleus. In contrast, nonsteroid hormones are typically water-soluble and cannot cross the cell membrane; they bind to receptors on the cell surface, triggering a signaling cascade through secondary messengers (like cAMP) that ultimately leads to a cellular response. This fundamental difference in their mechanism of action results in steroid hormones having a more prolonged effect, while nonsteroid hormones often elicit quicker responses.
What are four categories of chemotherapy drugs and describe their mechanism of action?
what are four categories of chemotherapy drugs and describe their mechanism of action..
How do feedbacks loops help regulate the action of hormones?
A feedback mechanism occurs when the level of one substance influences the level of another substance or activity of another organ
What is mechanism of action eclipta Alba as hepatoprotective?
What is mechanism of action eclipta Alba as hepatoprotective?
What is the Mechanism of action of tiemonium methylsulphate?
+mechanism of action of tiemonium methylsulfate
Explain me about antacids and acidifiers along with their mechanism of action and uses?
acidifier is the chemical which is neccessary to produce acidity as oxygen , chlorin , bronin , iodine etc....
What is flomax's diuretic mechanism of action action?
mod of action tamsulosin
What is the mechanism of action of lipid soluble hormones?
Lipid soluble hormones, like steroid hormones, bind to intracellular receptors in the target cell. This hormone-receptor complex then enters the nucleus and binds to specific DNA regions, regulating gene transcription. Ultimately, this leads to changes in protein synthesis and cellular responses.
What is the action of the flintlock pistol?
Single action The action mechanism would be the hammer with flint.
Is true that hormones are classified as steroid or nonsteriod?
Yes, hormones are classified into two main categories: steroid hormones and non-steroid hormones. Steroid hormones, such as cortisol and estrogen, are derived from cholesterol and can easily pass through cell membranes to interact with intracellular receptors. Non-steroid hormones, which include peptide and amino acid-derived hormones like insulin and adrenaline, are generally unable to cross cell membranes and typically exert their effects by binding to receptors on the cell surface. This classification reflects their chemical structure and mechanism of action in the body.
Explain how nonsteroid hormones may function through an increase intracellular calcium ion concentration?
Non steroid hormones cannot diffuse freely through the cell membrane, therefore they interact with membrane receptors. There are many different types of receptors, many of which result in an increase in cellular [Ca2+], and increased cellular [Ca2+] can have a myriad of effects including cytoskeleton restructuring, muscle fibre contraction, regulation of calcium-dependent enzymes, action potential generation, secretion of vesicles, and even apoptosis. The increase in cellular [Ca2+] can be caused by as simple as the opening of a ligand(hormone)-gated calcium channel. Another far more complex, but somewhat more common pathway involves the hormone binding to a G-protein coupled receptor or a receptor tyrosine kinase, causing the receptor to activate an enzyme called PLC (phospholipase C) that will cleave a membrane phospholipid (phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate, PIP2) into two components (Inositol triphosphate, IP3, and Diacylglycerol, DAG). IP3 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and releases sequestered Ca2+, and DAG provides an anchor for another enzyme, PKC (protein kinase C). Anchored PKC is activated by the released Ca2+ and it begins to perform its duty, which is to add a phosphate group onto specific substrates, activating or deactivating them, causing a general shift in cellular dynamics.
What hormones oppose parathryoid hormones?
Calcitonin opposes the action of parathyroid hormone.
