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Proteins enter the mitochondria through a process called protein import. This involves the recognition of specific targeting signals on the protein by receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane. The protein is then guided through channels in the outer and inner membranes of the mitochondria, with the help of protein translocases, to reach its final destination within the organelle.
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How do proteins enter the nucleus?
Proteins enter the nucleus through nuclear pores in the nuclear membrane. These pores allow specific proteins to pass through and enter the nucleus where they can perform their functions.
What part of the membrane would help a large protein molecule enter the cell?
Globular Proteins
What happens if intact proteins are transported across the villus epithelium?
Intact proteins are typically broken down into amino acids before being absorbed by the villus epithelium in the small intestine. The transport of intact proteins across the epithelium is not a normal process and can trigger an immune response, leading to allergic reactions or inflammation in the gut.
Sugar molecules can enter cells through the process of what?
Sugar molecules can enter cells through the process of facilitated diffusion or active transport. Facilitated diffusion involves the use of transporter proteins to move sugars across the cell membrane, while active transport requires energy to move sugars against a concentration gradient into the cell.
What complex of two proteins gives the ok signal for a cell to begin mitosis?
The complex of two proteins that gives the green light for a cell to enter mitosis is called the Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) and Cyclin complex. This complex phosphorylates target proteins involved in initiating mitosis and drives the cell cycle forward.
What has to be present for Pyruvate to enter the mitochondria?
The mitochondrial membrane has special transporter proteins which are needed to transport pyruvate. This transport also requires ATP.
When proteins are used as energy sources their breakdown subunits usually enter?
When proteins are broken down for energy, their subunits usually enter metabolic pathways such as the citric acid cycle to be further broken down into molecules like acetyl-CoA. These molecules can then be used to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria.
How do proteins enter the nucleus?
Proteins enter the nucleus through nuclear pores in the nuclear membrane. These pores allow specific proteins to pass through and enter the nucleus where they can perform their functions.
How fats and proteins can enter the pathways of energy release?
Fats and proteins can enter the pathways of energy release through different mechanisms. Fats are broken down into fatty acids through a process called beta-oxidation, which then enter the citric acid cycle to produce energy. Proteins are broken down into amino acids, which can be converted into various intermediates that enter the citric acid cycle for energy production.
What stage of cellular respiration do fats proteins and carbohydrates enter the metabolic pathway?
Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates enter the metabolic pathway of cellular respiration during the acetyl-CoA formation stage. Fats and carbohydrates are broken down into acetyl-CoA through different pathways, while proteins are converted into amino acids, which can then enter the acetyl-CoA formation stage.
What H ions reenter matrix of the mitochondria?
In mitochondria, protons (H⁺ ions) re-enter the matrix primarily through ATP synthase, a protein complex located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This process occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, where the flow of protons down their concentration gradient drives the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. Additionally, some protons may re-enter the matrix through other transport mechanisms, such as the uncoupling proteins, but ATP synthase is the key player in ATP production.
What part of the membrane would help a large protein molecule enter the cell?
Globular Proteins
What happens if intact proteins are transported across the villus epithelium?
Intact proteins are typically broken down into amino acids before being absorbed by the villus epithelium in the small intestine. The transport of intact proteins across the epithelium is not a normal process and can trigger an immune response, leading to allergic reactions or inflammation in the gut.
For glycolysis to begin glucose must enter the mitochondria?
Actually, glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell, not the mitochondria. Glucose is broken down into pyruvate during glycolysis, and the pyruvate can then enter the mitochondria for further processing in the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
How do transport proteins make make it easier for certain molecules to diffuse across a membrane?
Facilitated diffusion is the diffusion of molecules.across a membrane through transport proteins. Transport proteins make it easier for molecules to enter or exit acell. But the process is still a form of passive transport.
What substances enter and leave the cells?
Proteins made on "bound" (attached) ribosomes leave through the cell membrane, and other proteins will enter the cell.
What structure lets certain things enter and leave in animal cell?
Mitochondria
