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The traditional approach is that human and animal hormones are produced in endocrine glands, which release them directly into blood, and the bloodstream carries them to their target cells. However, it doesn't necessarily have to be blood, it can be tissue fluid as well. (And not all organisms that have hormones have blood either. In plants for example, hormones can migrate to other cells from the site of production through the plasmodesmata that connect neighboring cells.)
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How do circulating hormones differ from paracrines and autocrines with reference to their target cells?
Paracrines are a group of local hormones that work on nearby cells. Autocrines stimulate the same cell and circulating hormones can travel long distances to stimulate cells. Hormones only stimulate cells that have their specific receptor.
explain why hormones in the bloodstream are able only to affect target cells/organs and not other cells/organs?
Hormones in the bloodstream are able to affect target cells/organs and not other cells/organs because of selective permeability. This means that hormones are only able to pass through the cell membrane of certain cells and organs, and not through the cell membrane of other cells and organs. The cell membrane of the target cells and organs are specialized to allow the hormones to pass through, while the cell membrane of other cells and organs are not specialized and are therefore impermeable to the hormones. This is due to the presence of receptor proteins on the cell membrane of the target cells and organs. These receptor proteins can bind to the hormones and facilitate their entry into the cell. Since these receptor proteins are not present on the cell membrane of other cells and organs, the hormones are unable to bind to them and therefore unable to cross the cell membrane. In addition, hormones can be broken down by enzymes in the bloodstream, which means they can’t reach their target cells and organs if they are exposed to the enzymes. This further ensures that hormones only affect the target cells and organs, and not other cells and organs. In summary, hormones in the bloodstream are able to affect target cells and organs and not other cells and organs because of selective permeability and the presence of receptor proteins on the cell membrane of the target cells and organs. Other cells and organs do not have these specialized receptor proteins and therefore cannot be affected by the hormones.
Hormones are usually transported through and affect only cells with?
specific hormone receptors on their surface, allowing for targeted signaling. This ensures that hormones act only on cells that are equipped to respond to their specific signals, optimizing the cellular response to hormonal stimuli and maintaining proper physiological balance.
How do hormones travel to their targets in animal cells and in plant cells.?
The process is different for plants and animals. In animals, the hormones are transported by the circulatory system, which eventually allows them to reach the target cells with appropriate receptors. In plants, the hormones are signal molecules, and they're not produced in large concentrations; they regulate targeted cellular processes in the plant that produces them.
What cells within what gland are part of the central nervous system and produce several hormones that affect the functioning of the pituitary gland?
The cells within the hypothalamus that are part of the central nervous system and produce hormones are called neurosecretory cells. These cells release hormones that regulate the secretion of various hormones from the pituitary gland, thereby influencing various physiological processes in the body.
What type of cells are hormones?
Hormones are not cells but chemicals released by cells to affect changes in other cells.
How do endocrine glands communicate with cells?
endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream and these hormones reach cells and impact these cells.
Why don't hormones affect all cells of the body?
Cause its hormones!
How do circulating hormones differ from paracrines and autocrines with reference to their target cells?
Paracrines are a group of local hormones that work on nearby cells. Autocrines stimulate the same cell and circulating hormones can travel long distances to stimulate cells. Hormones only stimulate cells that have their specific receptor.
explain why hormones in the bloodstream are able only to affect target cells/organs and not other cells/organs?
Hormones in the bloodstream are able to affect target cells/organs and not other cells/organs because of selective permeability. This means that hormones are only able to pass through the cell membrane of certain cells and organs, and not through the cell membrane of other cells and organs. The cell membrane of the target cells and organs are specialized to allow the hormones to pass through, while the cell membrane of other cells and organs are not specialized and are therefore impermeable to the hormones. This is due to the presence of receptor proteins on the cell membrane of the target cells and organs. These receptor proteins can bind to the hormones and facilitate their entry into the cell. Since these receptor proteins are not present on the cell membrane of other cells and organs, the hormones are unable to bind to them and therefore unable to cross the cell membrane. In addition, hormones can be broken down by enzymes in the bloodstream, which means they can’t reach their target cells and organs if they are exposed to the enzymes. This further ensures that hormones only affect the target cells and organs, and not other cells and organs. In summary, hormones in the bloodstream are able to affect target cells and organs and not other cells and organs because of selective permeability and the presence of receptor proteins on the cell membrane of the target cells and organs. Other cells and organs do not have these specialized receptor proteins and therefore cannot be affected by the hormones.
What is a chemicals travel through the bloodstream and affect the activities of other cells?
I suppose that you think to oxygen.Oxygen is indispensable for life.
The signaling chemicals produced by one group of cells that affect distant target cells are called?
hormones.
Hormones are usually transported through and affect only cells with?
specific hormone receptors on their surface, allowing for targeted signaling. This ensures that hormones act only on cells that are equipped to respond to their specific signals, optimizing the cellular response to hormonal stimuli and maintaining proper physiological balance.
Chemicals that travel through the bloodstream and affect the activities of other cells?
Hormones
Does all hormones need to enter the blood stream to be able to affect a cell?
Not all hormones need to enter the bloodstream to affect a cell. While many hormones, such as insulin and adrenaline, circulate in the blood to reach their target cells, some hormones can exert their effects locally through paracrine or autocrine signaling. For instance, local signaling molecules can influence nearby cells without entering the bloodstream. Therefore, the mode of action depends on the specific type of hormone and its mechanism of action.
Can the endocrine system affect cells?
Yes, the endocrine system can affect cells. By secreting hormones into the bloodstream, the endocrine system sends chemical messengers to cells that alter their function.
How do you some hormones affect only certain cells in the body but not others?
These cells have specific types of receptors on their membranes.
