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How and why are embedded transport proteins selective of the molecules they allow through the phospholipid membrane?
they are protein structures with very specific 3D configurations, thus only specific molecules with complementary shape can fit into the transport (carrier or channel) proteins. - Woon Yeow
How can small molecules successfully traverse the cell membrane?
Small molecules can successfully traverse the cell membrane through processes such as passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. Passive diffusion allows molecules to move across the membrane without the need for energy, while facilitated diffusion involves the assistance of transport proteins. Active transport requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient. These mechanisms enable small molecules to enter or exit the cell as needed.
What are the two functions of proteins during cellular transport?
Proteins play a role in transporting molecules across cell membranes through active or passive transport mechanisms. They can also act as channels or carriers to facilitate the movement of specific molecules across membranes.
How does the process of active transport enable the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient?
Active transport is a process in which cells use energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This is achieved by using specialized proteins called pumps that actively transport the molecules across the cell membrane. The energy required for this process is usually provided by ATP, the cell's energy currency.
How does the process of active transport enable the movement of molecules against the concentration gradient?
Active transport is a process in which cells use energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This is achieved by using specialized proteins called pumps that actively transport the molecules across the cell membrane. The energy required for this process is usually provided by ATP, the cell's energy currency. By using active transport, cells can maintain the proper balance of molecules inside and outside the cell, allowing them to function properly.
What part of the membrane helps chemical reactions happen?
Proteins in the membrane, such as enzymes, play a crucial role in facilitating chemical reactions by providing a suitable environment for the reaction to occur. These proteins can catalyze specific reactions and help transport molecules across the membrane to enable cellular processes.
What cellular functions are involved in the transports of chemical across the plasma membrane?
The transport of chemicals across the plasma membrane involves several cellular functions, including passive and active transport mechanisms. Passive transport, such as diffusion and facilitated diffusion, allows substances to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure. In contrast, active transport requires energy, often in the form of ATP, to move substances against their concentration gradient via specific transport proteins or pumps. Additionally, endocytosis and exocytosis are processes that enable bulk transport of larger molecules or particles across the membrane.
What types of membrane proteins are responsible for facilitated diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion is primarily mediated by two types of membrane proteins: channel proteins and carrier proteins. Channel proteins form pores or channels that allow specific ions or molecules to pass through the membrane down their concentration gradient. Carrier proteins, on the other hand, bind to specific substrates and undergo a conformational change to transport the molecules across the membrane. Both types enable the movement of substances that cannot easily cross the lipid bilayer.
How and why are embedded transport proteins selective of the molecules they allow through the phospholipid membrane?
they are protein structures with very specific 3D configurations, thus only specific molecules with complementary shape can fit into the transport (carrier or channel) proteins. - Woon Yeow
What property of the cell membrane enables it to perform active transport?
Embedded in the semi-permeable cell membrane are many different types of carrier proteins or channel proteins. These globular proteins allow the transport of specific substances from the outside of the cell into the cell or vice versa.Specific means each protein can only transport one type of substance across. For example, Protein A can transport Substance X but not Substance Y. Substance Y has to be transported by Protein B which cannot transport Substance X. The specific nature of these globular proteins mean it is easier for these molecules to be transported.
How do the called the Process of moving substances over the cell membrane?
The process of moving substances across the cell membrane is called "transport." This can occur through various mechanisms, including passive transport (such as diffusion and osmosis) and active transport, which requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient. Additionally, facilitated diffusion involves specific transport proteins to help substances cross the membrane. Together, these processes maintain the cell's internal environment and enable communication and nutrient uptake.
What are two rules of the membrane proteins?
Membrane proteins typically follow two key rules: they often possess hydrophobic regions that allow them to integrate into the lipid bilayer, and they can function as either integral or peripheral proteins. Integral proteins span the membrane and are involved in transport and signaling, while peripheral proteins associate with the membrane surface and play roles in signaling and maintaining the cell's shape. These characteristics enable them to perform diverse functions essential for cellular processes.
What transports water soluble substances in the cell membrane?
Water-soluble substances are primarily transported across the cell membrane through specialized proteins known as channels and transporters. These proteins facilitate the movement of molecules such as ions, glucose, and amino acids by creating pathways that allow for selective permeability. Channel proteins form pores that enable passive transport, while transporter proteins can facilitate active transport, often using ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient. This ensures that essential solutes can enter or exit the cell as needed.
How can small molecules successfully traverse the cell membrane?
Small molecules can successfully traverse the cell membrane through processes such as passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. Passive diffusion allows molecules to move across the membrane without the need for energy, while facilitated diffusion involves the assistance of transport proteins. Active transport requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient. These mechanisms enable small molecules to enter or exit the cell as needed.
What let substances pass in and out of animal cells?
Substances pass in and out of animal cells primarily through the plasma membrane, which is composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. This membrane is selectively permeable, allowing certain molecules to enter or exit the cell while blocking others. Transport mechanisms such as diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport enable the movement of ions, nutrients, and waste products across the membrane, maintaining cellular homeostasis. Additionally, vesicular transport can be used for larger molecules or particles.
What are the two functions of proteins during cellular transport?
Proteins play a role in transporting molecules across cell membranes through active or passive transport mechanisms. They can also act as channels or carriers to facilitate the movement of specific molecules across membranes.
Which cell contains membrane proteins en- abling a hormone to selectively bind to its plasma membrane?
The cell membrane contains the membrane proteins that enable a hormone to selectively bind to its plasma membrane. These proteins, such as receptor proteins, are responsible for recognizing and binding to specific hormones, allowing the hormone to exert its effects on the cell.
