How are chromosomes analyzed within a karyotype?

Answer 1

A karyotype is the characteristic chrosome complement of a eukaryotic species. The preparation and study of karyotypes is part of cytogenetics. In normal diploid organisms, autosomal chromosomes are present in two identical copies. There may, or may not, be sex chrosome. Polyploid cells have multiple copies of chromosomes and haploid cells have single copies. The study of whole sets of chromosomes is sometimes known as karyology. The chromosomes are depicted (by rearranging a microphotograph) in a standard format known as a karyogram or idiogram: in pairs, ordered by size and position of centromere for chromosomes of the same size. The study of karyotypes is made possible by staining: usually a suitable dye is applied after cells have been arrested during cell division by a solution of colchicine Sometimes observations may be made on non-dividing (interphase) cells. The sex of an unborn foetus can be determined by observation of interphase cells.

Answer 2

Karyotypes are often prepared using lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. The cells are treated with a drug to stimulate mitosis and are grown in culture for a few days. Another drug called colchicine is then added to arrest mitosis at metaphase, when the chromosomes, each consisting of two joined sister chromatids, are highly condensed and easy to identify under the microscope. Karyotyping can be used to screen for abnormal numbers of chromosomes or defective chromosomes.

Answer 3

- collect cells going through mitosis (by blood test, CVS, or amniotic fluid)

-break open cells & release DNA

-stain DNA

-pair up the chromosomes & photograph the pairs

Answer 4

In order to do karyotyping, first collect a sample of blood or any other sample, then initiate the mitosis and arrest the chromosome in metaphase state by addition of cholcicine in order to get the chromosomes in clearly arranged form. Then take the image by combination of computer and light microscope. Make the print out of image, observe them and match them with normal sequence of chromosomes provided by (denver system).

Answer 5

A karyotype involves all of an organisms' chromosomes. In humans, a normal karyotype would therefore include 46 chromosomes.

A karyotype analyses chromosomes by pairing them up (based on shape and size), and checking for any missing or duplicated chromosomes or large sections. The length, position of centromeres and banding pattern are some of the features used to analyze chromosomes in a karyotype.

Answer 6

Biologists photograph cells in Mitosis, then cut out the chromosomes from the photograph and group them together in pairs. A picture of chromosomes arranged this way is known as a Karyotype.

Answer 7

metaphase