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The frequency of an allele is the total number of alleles of that type in a population where as genotype is the alleles present in all individuals in a population. The Hardy-Weinburg principle and its associated equations allow simple calculations of gene frequency. The basic equation is p+q=1: where p and q represent the dominant and recessive alleles. It is also simple to substitute the letters associated with the alleles you are dealing with for p and q.
For example: If dealing green versus yellow where green is dominant and yellow is recessive green would be G and yellow would be g. Therefore G+g=1.
In this example 40% of the population is yellow or 0.4. This means that g2 = 0.4 and this makes
g = 0.63 (rounded off). Therefore 63 percent of the alleles for this trait are for yellow and 37 percent of the alleles in the population are for green. Since G+g=1 we know that 1.0-0.63=0.37 which is G.
So 40 percent of the population is gg, it's genotype, but the frequency of the g allele is 63 percent'
Likewise 60 percent of the population is GG or Gg but the frequency of G is 37 percent.
There is a secondary equation that allows the calculation of percentages of GG and Gg as well with GG at 13.7% of the population and Gg at approximately 46.6% of the population. gg would be at 39.7%
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The number of trout in a lake drops when the lake is polluted. The trout population increases but the allele frequency is different than it was before the pollution. What type of effect is this?
Apex . . bottleneck
What are the 8 different blood types?
the six different blood types are AB, AA or AO, BB or BO, OOAB, AA, AO, BB, BO, and OO"The allels for blood types are called A,B, and O. The O allele is recessive to both the A and B alleles. When a person inherits one A allele and one B allele for blood type, both are expressed-phenotype AB. A person with phenotype A blood has the genetic makeup, or genotype BB or BO. Finally, a person with phenotype O blood has the genotype OO"There are actually more than six blood types. There are 30 different recognized systems, each of which has multiple types (at least two, sometimes more).
Does having a dominant allele mean that it will be found in greater frequency in the population?
No. For example, the six-finger allele is dominant over the five-finger allele in humans, yet you see almost nobody with six fingers, because it has such a low frequency. It all depends on the allele frequency in a given population.
What is Generation-to-generation change in the allele frequencies in a population?
Evolution, of course.Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms.
Why does selection act faster against a harmful dominant allele than a harmful recessive allele?
The harmful dominat allele has a better chance of eliminating a population.
Could you define Minor and major allele frequency?
A minor allele is the allele that has the least frequency among all the alleles in a given population and this has to be greater than 5%.
Why are recessive alleles not removed from populations over time?
If the recessive genotype is selected for more often than the dominant genotype, the recessive allele will become more common than the dominant allele in the gene pool.
The number of trout in a lake drops when the lake is polluted. The trout population increases but the allele frequency is different than it was before the pollution. What type of effect is this?
Apex . . bottleneck
What is the relationship between evolution allele frequency and population?
Consider an organism as a collection of inherited traits. Now consider each trait to be the expression of a single allele. An allele is a variant of a gene. For instance, if eye colour is coded for by a single gene, then there may be an allele A that codes for blue eyes, and an allele B that codes for brown eyes. A population gene pool, then, is the collection of all alleles present in a population of organisms from a single species. The allele frequency is the number of times a specific allele occurs in the population gene pool. For instance, the allele frequency of the brown-eye allele may be higher than the frequency of the blue-eye allele, meaning that more people have brown eyes than blue eyes, in this simplification.Evolution is measured in terms of changing allele frequencies. For instance, in our example, we could measure the number of people with blue eyes in generation one, and then measure the number again in generation one hundred. If we see a significant shift in frequency, then evolution has occurred.Nota bene: this is not how it works in reality, but it's easier to explain it in such simple terms than if I were to go into the complexities of population genetics.
Why does natural selection act on phenotype rather than genotype of an organism?
This seems to be an odd question to ask... Unless I'm mistaken, the phenotype of a given organism is governed by its genotype, and changed a fair amount by the organism's environment. Consider the following circumstances: Organism A has a long set of arms, and has a "long arm" allele. Organism B has short arms and a "short arm" allele. For example, A's genotype has the "long arm" allele, and seen in its phenotype it has long arms. The converse is true for B. Judging by your usage of technical terms in your question, I'm sure I don't need to tell you that A will out-compete B, assuming they are in a food-is-up-high environment. So, A will end up with more offspring than B, again assuming that A and B are members of different species. Eventually organism A will become prevalent, and natural selection will have caused there to be more organisms with the "long arms" phenotype, and the "long arm" allele in their genotype. In summation, Genotype governs Phenotype, and the best geno- and phenotypes will be chosen by natural selection. By an organism having a superior phenotype, it also has a superior genotype.
The HbS allele sickle cell occurs at a higher frequency in Africa than it does in the US because?
LOL do your own content companion
When two alleles in a pair are different?
When the alleles are different the organism is heterozygous for that trait. Another way of putting it is to say the genotype is heterozygous for that trait. The dominant allele will be seen in the phenotype ie what is displayed.Most traits are governed by more than one pair of alleles.
Why is the allele for albinism is present at a lowere frequency than the allele for pigments?
Because the pigments have higher possibility to survive because of their color of skin/fur they could have an easier camouflage and the albinos cant survive that easy.
How is a recessive alle different from a dominant allele?
its different because adominant allele is in charge
What are the 8 different blood types?
the six different blood types are AB, AA or AO, BB or BO, OOAB, AA, AO, BB, BO, and OO"The allels for blood types are called A,B, and O. The O allele is recessive to both the A and B alleles. When a person inherits one A allele and one B allele for blood type, both are expressed-phenotype AB. A person with phenotype A blood has the genetic makeup, or genotype BB or BO. Finally, a person with phenotype O blood has the genotype OO"There are actually more than six blood types. There are 30 different recognized systems, each of which has multiple types (at least two, sometimes more).
Why are individuals with genotype AA prone to malaria?
They do not carry the sickle cell allele, a. Individuals that are heterozygous have the advantage of being more resistant to malaria than homozygous dominant individuals, but are not affected by the disease.
Does having a dominant allele mean that it will be found in greater frequency in the population?
No. For example, the six-finger allele is dominant over the five-finger allele in humans, yet you see almost nobody with six fingers, because it has such a low frequency. It all depends on the allele frequency in a given population.
