One
The 3rd shell can contain 18 electrons. The elements that have a 3rd shell as the outer shell are the the elements in period 3, where the 3s and 3p orbitals are filled to a maximum of 8 electrons. The 3d orbitals are filled in the 4th period in the transition elements.
idk but a chloride atom becomes a chloride ion wen it gains electrons so....
bonding
one, it's K, or potassium fill your shells (orbitals, really) in order until you get to 19 electrons K 2-8-8-1 one, it's K, or potassium fill your shells (orbitals, really) in order until you get to 19 electrons K 2-8-8-1
The thylakoid membrane contains 2 photosytems, known as Photosystem I and Photosystem II. Together, they function to absorb light and transfer energy to electrons.
Fluorine needs one more electron to have a stable octet, as it has 7 valence electrons and stable octet configuration is achieved with 8 electrons.
Magnesium would lose two electrons when reacting with fluorine to form magnesium fluoride. Magnesium, with two electrons in its outer shell, loses these electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration, while fluorine, needing one electron to complete its octet, gains one electron from magnesium.
You can see this happen in the F2 molecule. Each fluorine atom shares a valence electron with the other fluorine atom. So there is just one covalent bond.
Each sodium atom will lose one electron to achieve a complete octet in its outer shell, as the octet rule dictates atoms will gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration with 8 electrons in the outer shell.
Strontium typically loses 2 electrons to satisfy the octet rule. Since strontium is in group 2 of the periodic table, it has 2 valence electrons. By losing these two electrons, it attains a stable electron configuration similar to a noble gas.
Seven electrons should be added to attain the higher noble gas configuration.
Fluorine can make one covalent bond, as it has seven valence electrons and needs one more electron to complete its octet.
Four
Gaining of 1 electron take Fluorine to nobel gas state
Beryllium will lose 2 electrons to satisfy the octet rule (to fill its outer shell).
1
Fluorine needs 8 valence electrons to have a filled outer energy level, following the octet rule. Fluorine naturally has 7 valence electrons, so it only requires one more electron to achieve a stable octet configuration.