Mitochondria, nucleus, Golgi apparatus, ribosome, vacuole.
Before 1940, scientists did not have access to advanced microscopy techniques that could penetrate deep into cells to observe organelles. The technology at that time had limited resolution and magnification, making it difficult to visualize small structures within cells. Additionally, many organelles are transparent or similar in density to the surrounding cytoplasm, making them challenging to distinguish without specialized staining methods.
In plant cells, a central vacuole stores water, nutrients, and waste. In animal cells, waste products are stored temporarily in structures called lysosomes before being expelled from the cell. Water is stored in animal cells as well, mainly in the cytoplasm and within organelles like the mitochondria.
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Before a cell divides, DNA must replicate, meaning it makes an exact copy of itself. This ensures that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic instructions.
The amoeba usually reproduces asexually by a process called binary fission (splitting in two), in which the cytoplasm simply pinches in half and pulls apart to form two identical organisms (daughter cells). This occurs after the parent amoeba's genetic (hereditary) material, contained in the nucleus, is replicated and the nucleus divides (a process known as mitosis). Thus, the hereditary material is identical in the two daughter cells. If an amoeba is cut in two, the half that contains the nucleus can survive and form new cytoplasm. The half without a nucleus soon dies. This demonstrates the importance of the nucleus in reproduction. Balaji. J M.Sc Microbiology
in mitosis, the nucleus divides first, and then the cytoplasm.
Before a cell divides, it must first replicate its DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle. This ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes. Additionally, other cellular components, such as organelles and cytoplasm, may also be duplicated to support the new cell's functions. This preparation is crucial for maintaining genetic continuity and proper cellular function.
Before a paramecium divides, it undergoes a process called binary fission, where the cell prepares for division by replicating its DNA and organelles. The macronucleus, which controls metabolic functions, and the micronucleus, involved in reproduction, undergo replication. The cell then elongates, and the cytoplasm begins to constrict in the middle, leading to the formation of two daughter cells. This process ensures that each new paramecium receives the necessary genetic material and cellular components to function independently.
cell membrane
If you are referring to cell division, this is most commonly mitosis, in which the cell replicates its organelles, and then divides. However, there is also meiosis, in which the organelles are not replicated before division, thus resulting in a gamete or sex cell (eggs/sperm).
Before 1940, scientists did not have access to advanced microscopy techniques that could penetrate deep into cells to observe organelles. The technology at that time had limited resolution and magnification, making it difficult to visualize small structures within cells. Additionally, many organelles are transparent or similar in density to the surrounding cytoplasm, making them challenging to distinguish without specialized staining methods.
When a parent cell makes several nuclei and divides to make several daughter cells, it is called multiple fission. This process is common in some protists like amoebas and algae where multiple nuclei are produced before the cytoplasm divides to form several daughter cells.
Strictly speaking, mitosis refers to the division of the cell nucleus. Division of the cytoplasm is called cytokinesis.The two processes are not necessarily connected. Mitosis can occur without a subsequent division of the cytoplasm.
The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke who had been looking at cork under a microscope. He noticed little "boxes" which he called cells. Infact, the "cells" were part of the membrane of cork cells. It wasn't until the 1830s that cytoplasm was discovered. Before this cell organelles were thought to float around in the cell. Cytoplasm is the "jelly-like" substance that contains all membrane bound organelles. I do not remember the year Robert Hooke discovered cells.
Yes, the cell's volume typically increases before it divides. This growth phase is known as interphase, and during this stage, the cell accumulates the necessary nutrients and organelles to support division. Once division occurs, the cell splits into two daughter cells, each with its own original volume.
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Your DNA is copied into the new cell every time it divides