Name the major organelles found in a eukaryotic cell and describe their functions?

Answer 1

Nucleus-Contains:

Nucleolus (where ribosomes are made)

Nucleoplasm

Nuclear envelope (joins endoplasmic reticulum covered in ribosomes)

Chromatin (made up of DNA which contains genes, and controls the structure of the cell)

[Nuclear pores]

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum-Contains:

Network of membranes

Ribosomes on the surface (they synthesise proteins, they can be carried to the Golgi body in vesicles)

Cisternae (membrane bound sacs which form interconecting channels throught the cytoplasm)

Proteins are carried around the cell in RER

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum-Contains:

No ribosomes

Membranes which provide a large surface area for the synthesis of lipids

Cisternae (more tubular than with RER)

Golgi body/apparatus-Process:

1. Proteins are made in the RER
2. Transport vesicle carrying proteins fuses with the Golgi body
3. Golgi body modifies proteins
4. Vesicles are secreted away from the trans face

The Golgi body's main function is to modify proteins

The Mitochondrion-Contains:

A fluid filled space between the outer membraneand the inner membrane

A DNA loop

Mitochondrial ribosomes

Matrix (contains DNA and enzymes, this is the site of aerobic respiration)

Cristae (internal compartments formed by the inner membrane, also contains enzymes used in respiration)

Ribosomes and the DNA loop in the mitochondrion of eukaryotic cells resemble those in the bacteria reflecting the evolutionary origin of this organelle

Eukaryotic cells also have:

A cell membrane

Cytoplasm/ Cytol

A cytoskeleton

Centrisomes

Lipid droplet

Answer 2

• Nucleus = site of DNA storage and replication
• Nucleolus = site of rRNA synthesis
• Mitochondria = form ATP (pyruvate decarboxylation, Kreb's, and e- transport chain)
• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum = lipid synthesis
• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum = protein synthesis
• Ribosomes = protein synthesis
• Golgi apparatus = modification and transport of proteins
• Lysosomes = digestion, extremely acidic
• Peroxisomes = digestion and formation of hydrogen peroxide
• Microtubules and Centrioles = maintain cell structure

Answer 3

There are many organelles in a eukaryotic cell, and they all have crucial parts in the cell's functions.

These organelles would be found in an Animal cell:

• The Nucleus is the 'brain' of sorts. It contains the cell's genetic information/DNA.
• Inside the Nucleus is the Nucleolus, which makes RNA.
• There are two types of the Endoplasmic Reticulum: the rough and the smooth. Rough ER contains Ribosomes and helps transport he proteins to where they need to go. Smooth ER makes lipids for the cell.
• Ribosomes make protein.
• Golgi Apparatus packages and ships these proteins throughout the cell. (Think of it as a Post Office)
• The Mitochondria makes energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.
• Lysosomes digest proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.
• The Vacuole stores nutrients and gets rid of cell waste.
• Cytoskeletons give cells their shape.
• Centriols are important in cellular division.

Plant Cells have two others:

• Chloroplasts are were photosynthesis takes place.
• Cell walls protect the cell.
• Plant cells do not have centriols, but have very large Vacuoles.

Answer 4

Eukaryotic cells contain many organelles. Some of the major organelles are the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes. The function of the nucleus is to house all the genetic data of the cell.

Answer 5

cytoplasm, Nucleus, Ribosomes, Rough ER smooth ER,Golgi Apparatus Cell Wall, cell Membrane, Cytoskeleton, Choroplasts, Mitochandria, Vacuoles, Lysosmes

Answer 6

There are a total of 14 main organelles, each has it's own particular function. For example, the nucleolus works to transcript numerous ribosomal genes.

Answer 7

what are parts of the eukaryotic cell