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If the Gram stain is properly done, and based on color alone:

- you CANNOT distinguish between Staphylococcus (positive/purple) and Streptococcus (positive/purple)

- you CAN distinguish between Staphylococcus (positive/purple) and Neisseria (negative/red)

- you CANNOT distinguish between Escherichia (negative/red) and Proteus (negative/red)

- you CAN distinguish between Escherichia (negative/red) and Bacillus (positive/purple)

Gram positives will stain purple because of the retention of the dye (crystal violet) in their thick peptidoglycan cell walls. On the other hand, Gram negatives have a thin cell wall and cannot retain the purple stain, so when they are counterstained, they will appear red

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Q: On the basis of gram reaction only can you distinguish between staphylococcus and streptococcus?
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