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What is the function of the cap and tail on eukaryotic mRNA?
The cap and tail on eukaryotic mRNA play important roles in mRNA stability and translation. The 5' cap protects the mRNA from degradation and helps in the initiation of translation. The poly(A) tail at the 3' end of mRNA also plays a role in mRNA stability and regulation of translation.
What does the 5' junction in mRNA stand for?
The 5' junction in mRNA refers to the point where the mRNA starts, represented by the 5' end of the molecule. This end contains a 5' cap structure that helps protect the mRNA and is important for translation initiation in protein synthesis.
What is the purpose of the 5' cap and the 3' poly A tail?
5' cap helps protect mRNA from degradation by hydrolytic enzymes and after mRNA reaches the cytoplasm, the 5' cap functions as part of an "attach here" sign for ribosomes. The poly-A-tail inhibits degradation of RNA and helps ribosomes attach and facilitates export of mRNA from the nucleus.
How is mRNA stabilized before leaving the nucleus for translation?
mRNA is stabilized in the nucleus through the addition of a 5' 7-methylguanosine cap and a 3' poly-A tail. These modifications protect the mRNA from degradation and signal for its export to the cytoplasm for translation. Additionally, RNA-binding proteins assist in stabilizing mRNA and regulating its processing.
What features of the mRNA make the mRNA last longer?
The presence of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail at the ends of the mRNA molecule help protect it from degradation by exonucleases. Additionally, secondary structures within the mRNA and specific sequences can affect stability and longevity.
What is the function of the cap and tail on eukaryotic mRNA?
The cap and tail on eukaryotic mRNA play important roles in mRNA stability and translation. The 5' cap protects the mRNA from degradation and helps in the initiation of translation. The poly(A) tail at the 3' end of mRNA also plays a role in mRNA stability and regulation of translation.
What does the 5' junction in mRNA stand for?
The 5' junction in mRNA refers to the point where the mRNA starts, represented by the 5' end of the molecule. This end contains a 5' cap structure that helps protect the mRNA and is important for translation initiation in protein synthesis.
What is the function of a 5' cap in DNA transcription and translation?
The 5' cap attached to the mRNA ensures the mRNA's stability while it undergoes translation.
What is the purpose of the 5' cap and the 3' poly A tail?
5' cap helps protect mRNA from degradation by hydrolytic enzymes and after mRNA reaches the cytoplasm, the 5' cap functions as part of an "attach here" sign for ribosomes. The poly-A-tail inhibits degradation of RNA and helps ribosomes attach and facilitates export of mRNA from the nucleus.
What are 3 important functions of the 5' cap and the 3' poly-A tail?
The 5' cap and 3' poly-A tail play crucial roles in mRNA stability and translation. The 5' cap protects mRNA from degradation and assists in ribosome binding during translation initiation. Meanwhile, the 3' poly-A tail enhances mRNA stability, facilitates export from the nucleus, and aids in translation efficiency by promoting ribosome attachment. Together, they ensure proper gene expression and protein synthesis.
In prokaryotes a cap and tail are placed on the ends of an mrna transcript to prevent the mrna from being broken down?
Actually, in prokaryotes, a cap and tail are not added to the mRNA transcript. Instead, prokaryotic mRNA is directly translated without modification. This is in contrast to eukaryotes, where mRNA undergoes modification at the 5' end with a cap and at the 3' end with a poly-A tail to protect it from degradation.
What helps to stabilize mRNA by inhibiting its degradation?
The addition of a 5' cap and a 3' poly-A tail to mRNA can help stabilize it by protecting it from degradation. Additionally, proteins bound to specific sequences in the mRNA can also prevent its degradation.
Why does not prokaryotic mRNA have 5' cap 3' tail?
Prokaryotic mRNA lacks a 5' cap and 3' poly(A) tail because it undergoes rapid degradation in the cell. Prokaryotes do not have the same mRNA processing machinery as eukaryotes, so they rely on different mechanisms for stability and translation initiation, such as internal ribosome binding sites (RBS) and RNA-binding proteins.
How is mRNA stabilized before leaving the nucleus for translation?
mRNA is stabilized in the nucleus through the addition of a 5' 7-methylguanosine cap and a 3' poly-A tail. These modifications protect the mRNA from degradation and signal for its export to the cytoplasm for translation. Additionally, RNA-binding proteins assist in stabilizing mRNA and regulating its processing.
What are post-transcriptional modifications occurring in eukaryotic mRNAs?
Post-transcriptional modifications in eukaryotic mRNAs include capping, splicing, and polyadenylation. Capping involves adding a 7-methylguanosine cap to the 5' end of the mRNA. Splicing removes introns and joins exons together to form a mature mRNA. Polyadenylation adds a poly(A) tail to the 3' end of the mRNA, which is important for stability and translation.
What features of the mRNA make the mRNA last longer?
The presence of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail at the ends of the mRNA molecule help protect it from degradation by exonucleases. Additionally, secondary structures within the mRNA and specific sequences can affect stability and longevity.
What is the cap and tail and what are their functions?
The cap and tail refer to the modifications made to the ends of eukaryotic mRNA molecules. The 5' cap, consisting of a modified guanine nucleotide, protects the mRNA from degradation, aids in ribosome binding during translation, and facilitates nuclear export. The polyadenylated tail (the "tail") is a stretch of adenine nucleotides added to the 3' end, which also protects the mRNA from degradation and enhances its stability and translation efficiency. Together, they play critical roles in the stability, processing, and translation of mRNA.
