What are organelles and what are their functions?

Answer 1

Nucleus- Controls the cell. Is like the brain. Endoplasmic reticulum- Transports things throughout the cell. Mitochondria- Produces ATP (a chemical energy store) for the cell. Is often called the "powerhouse" of the cell. Vacuoles- Store things for the cell like water and waste. Golgi bodies/apparatus- sorts proteins, processes them, synthesizes carbohydrates for plant cell walls.

Cell membrane- Protects the cell and gives it shape and structure. Also controls what passes into the cell and what stays out, and recognizes signal molecules such as growth factors and hormones. Consists of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Lysosome- Filled with enzymes that destroy waste in a cell. Cloroplasts (plant cells only)- Contain chlorophyll, which converts light energy into chemical energy, which it uses to synthesize glucose from the simple, inorganic substances carbon dioxide and water.

Answer 2

Different organelles have different functions. Below are some major organelles and what they do.

Nucleus- Controls the cell. Is like the brain. Directs the activities of the cell.

Endoplasmic reticulum- Transports things throughout the cell.

Mitochondria- Produces ATP (a chemical energy store) for the cell. Is often called the "powerhouse" of the cell.

Vacuoles- Store things for the cell like water and waste.

Golgi bodies/apparatus- sorts proteins, processes them, synthesizes carbohydrates for plant cell walls.

Cell membrane- Protects the cell and gives it shape and structure. Also controls what passes into the cell and what stays out, and recognizes signal molecules such as growth factors and hormones. Consists of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Lysosome- Filled with enzymes that destroy waste in a cell.

Cloroplasts (plant cells only)- Contain chlorophyll, which converts light energy into chemical energy, which it uses to synthesize glucose from the simple, inorganic substances carbon dioxide and water.

Ribosomes- synthesize (make) protiens that are used to make amino acids.

Answer 3

Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions. Examples include the nucleus (stores genetic material), mitochondria (produce energy), and lysosomes (break down waste materials). Each organelle contributes to the overall functioning and maintenance of the cell.