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What are the 4 processes that drive the carbon through its cycle?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
The carbon cycle is a biogeochemical cycle.
That suggests three major types of processes: biological, geological, and chemical.
But it's probably more accurate and simpler to think of two major processes: biochemical and geochemical which can be shortened into just "BIOLOGICAL" and "GEOLOGICAL"
Biological means "involving life". It comes first in the term "biogeochemical", but the carbon cycle preceded the evolution of the earliest forms of life on our planet.
Important biological processes include photosynthesis, respiration, and decay. Photosynthesis is the way that living things absorb CO2. Respiration and decay are some of the ways that living things can release carbon back into their surrounding environments.
Geological (involving rocks) processes came first. Many forms of rock will react with carbon dioxide when exposed to air and water. This is often referred to as a form of "weathering" of rock surfaces, but it is just as easily imagined as rock being dissolved by a mild (carbonic) acid. It is also part of a more general geological process called erosion which eventually washes the rock as sediment into the seas where it can be compacted and cemented into sedimentary rock. Tectonic forces can push this rock under continental plates where it can be metamorphosed and or melted. Eventually this rock (and its carbon) can be expelled back into the atmosphere via a volcanic eruption.
There are some other biochemical and geochemicalprocesses involved in the carbon cycle. Combustion (burning) of organic material releases carbon into the surrounding air and soil. Marine animals also use carbon to help form their shells. These shells can later join the carbon/rock cycle as limestone or marble (after more geochemical changes involved in metamorphosis).
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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