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What characteristic of DNA allows two connected DNA polymerases to synthesize both the leading and lagging strands?
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
DNA polymerase's property to link nucleotides as they form base pairs with single stranded DNA.
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
Wiki User
∙ 10y agoDNA is flexible
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Which strand (leading or lagging) will have the okazaki fragments?
The lagging strand.
What enzymes aid in the process of DNA replication?
There are many enzymes involved in the process of DNA replication.The main ones are DNA Helicases, DNA Polymerases and DNA Ligases.DNA Helicases are responsible for "unzipping", or separating, the two strands of DNA so that replication can begin.DNA Polymerases are responsible for adding nucleotides to the strand of DNA that is being created.DNA Ligases are responsible for joining newly created segments of DNA together (most notably the fragments created on the lagging strand).
At each replication fork one new strand of DNA is made of many small pieces. what is the strand of DNA called?
When the two parent strands of DNA are separated to begin replication, one strand is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction while the other strand is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction. DNA replication, however, is inflexible: the enzyme that carries out the replication, DNA polymerase, only functions in the 5' to 3' direction. This characteristic of DNA polymerase means that the daughter strands synthesize through different methods, one adding nucleotides one by one in the direction of the replication fork, the other able to add nucleotides only in chunks. The first strand, which replicates nucleotides one by one is called the leading strand; the other strand, which replicates in chunks, is called the lagging strand. The lagging strand replicates in small segments, called Okazaki fragments. These fragments are stretches of 100 to 200 nucleotides in humans (1000 to 2000 in bacteria).
Compare the leading and lagging strands during replication?
the leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction
There is a y shaped replication fork on each side of each replication bubble what are the sides of the replication fork called?
One is known as the Leading strand, and the other is known as the Lagging strand.
What happens when lagging Power Factor changes to leading PF?
when lagging Power Factor changes to leading PF, then the voltage across the circuit in which capacitor bank is connected, is increased.
What enzymes aid in the process of DNA replication?
There are many enzymes involved in the process of DNA replication.The main ones are DNA Helicases, DNA Polymerases and DNA Ligases.DNA Helicases are responsible for "unzipping", or separating, the two strands of DNA so that replication can begin.DNA Polymerases are responsible for adding nucleotides to the strand of DNA that is being created.DNA Ligases are responsible for joining newly created segments of DNA together (most notably the fragments created on the lagging strand).
Which strand (leading or lagging) will have the okazaki fragments?
The lagging strand.
What is the power factor of an induction motor?
Induction motor comprised inductor as the most part in it and an inductor has the characteristic to oppose the change of current, i.e., it has lagging power factor as current lags behind the voltage. Hence, an induction motor works on lagging power factor.
What are the 2 enzymes involved in duplicating DNA?
More than two enzymes are involved, but the main ones are DNA Polymerases (Pol III and Pol I in Prokaryotes, Pol α, Pol δ and Pol ε in Eukaryotes).In vitro you can achieve replication with only taq polymerase and two primers.
What do you mean lagging in electrical?
Lagging means the current is out of phase, lagging behind, the voltage. This occurs when there is inductive reactance in the circuit, such as with motors and transformers.
Why is runescape still lagging?
it is probably lagging because your in a populated placeor your computer is slow and have virus
How many types of DNA polymerase are there?
There are 5 known Prokaryotic DNA polymerases:Pol I: implicated in DNA repair; has 5'->3' polymerase activity, and both 3'->5' exonuclease activity (proofreading) and 5'->3' exonuclease activity (RNA primer removal).Pol II: involved in repairing damaged DNA; has 3'->5' exonuclease activity.Pol III: the main polymerase in bacteria (responsible for elongation); has 3'->5' exonuclease activity (proofreading).Pol IV: a Y-family DNA polymerase.Pol V: a Y-family DNA polymerase; participates in bypassing DNA damage.There are at least 15 Eukaryotic DNA polymerase:POLA1, POLA2: Pol α (also called RNA primase): forms a complex with a small catalytic (PriS) and a large noncatalytic (PriL) subunit, with the Pri subunits acting as a primase (synthesizing an RNA primer), and then with DNA Pol α elongating that primer with DNA nucleotides. After around 20 nucleotides elongation is taken over by Pol ε (on the leading strand) and δ (on the lagging strand).POLB: Pol β: Implicated in repairing DNA, in base excision repair and gap-filling synthesis.POLG, POLG2: Pol γ: Replicates and repairs mitochondrial DNA and has proofreading 3'->5' exonuclease activity.POLD1, POLD2, POLD3, POLD4: Pol δ: Highly processive and has proofreading 3'->5' exonuclease activity. Thought to be the main polymerase involved in lagging strand synthesis, though there is still debate about its role.POLE, POLE2, POLE3: Pol ε: Also highly processive and has proofreading 3'->5' exonuclease activity. Highly related to pol δ, and thought to be the main polymerase involved in leading strand synthesis, though there is again still debate about its role.POLH, POLI, POLK, : η, ι, κ, and Rev1 are Y-family DNA polymerases and Pol ζ is a B-family DNA polymerase. These polymerases are involved in the bypass of DNA damage.There are also other eukaryotic polymerases known, which are not as well characterized: POLQ: 'θPOLL: λ?: φ?: σPOLM: μDNA polymerase familiesBased on sequence homology, DNA polymerases can be further subdivided into seven different families: A, B, C, D, X, Y, and RT. Family_A">Family APolymerases contain both replicative and repair polymerases. Replicative members from this family include the extensively-studied T7 DNA polymerase, as well as the eukaryotic mitochondrial DNA Polymerase γ. Among the repair polymerases are Escherichia coli DNA pol I, Thermus aquaticus pol I, and Bacillus stearothermophilus pol I. These repair polymerases are involved in excision repair and processing of Okazaki fragments generated during lagging strand synthesis. Family BPolymerases mostly contain replicative polymerases and include the major eukaryotic DNA polymerases α, δ, ε, (see Greek letters) and also DNA polymerase ζ. Family B also includes DNA polymerases encoded by some bacteria and bacteriophages, of which the best-characterized are from T4, Phi29, and RB69 bacteriophages. These enzymes are involved in both leading and lagging strand synthesis during replication. A hallmark of the B family of polymerases is their highly faithful DNA synthesis during replication. While many have an intrinsic 3'-5' proofreading exonuclease activity, eukaryotic DNA polymerases α and ζ are two examples of B family polymerases lacking this proofreading activity.Family_C">Family CPolymerases are the primary bacterial chromosomal replicative enzymes. DNA Polymerase III alpha subunit from E. coli is the catalytic subunit [1] and possesses no known nuclease activity. A separate subunit, the epsilon subunit, possesses the 3'-5' exonuclease activity used for editing during chromosomal replication. Recent research has classified Family C polymerases as a subcategory of Family X[citation needed]. Family_D">Family DPolymerases are still not very well characterized. All known examples are found in the Euryarchaeota subdomain of Archaea and are thought to be replicative polymerases. Family_X">Family XContains the well-known eukaryotic polymerase pol β, as well as other eukaryotic polymerases such as pol σ, pol λ, pol μ, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT). Pol β is required for short-patch base excision repair, a DNA repair pathway that is essential for repairing abasic sites. Pol λ and Pol μ are involved in non-homologous end-joining, a mechanism for rejoining DNA double-strand breaks. TdT is expressed only in lymphoid tissue, and adds "n nucleotides" to double-strand breaks formed during V(D)J recombination to promote immunological diversity. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has only one Pol X polymerase, Pol IV, which is involved in non-homologous end-joining. Family_Y">Family YY Polymerases differ from others in having a low fidelity on undamaged templates and in their ability to replicate through damaged DNA. Members of this family are hence called translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerases. Depending on the lesion, TLS polymerases can bypass the damage in an error-free or error-prone fashion, the latter resulting in elevated mutagenesis. Xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) patients for instance have mutations in the gene encoding Pol η (eta), which is error-free for UV-lesions. In XPV patients, alternative error-prone polymerases, e.g., Pol ζ (zeta) (polymerase ζ is a B Family polymerase a complex of the catalytic subunit REV3L with Rev7, which associates with Rev1[2]), are thought to be involved in mistakes that result in the cancer predisposition of these patients. Other members in humans are Pol ι (iota), Pol κ (kappa), and Rev1 (terminal deoxycytidyl transferase). In E. coli, two TLS polymerases, Pol IV (DINB) and Pol V (UmuD'2C), are known. Family RTThe reverse transcriptase family contains examples from both retroviruses and eukaryotic polymerases. The eukaryotic polymerases are usually restricted to telomerases. These polymerases use an RNA template to synthesize the DNA strand.Variety across Species:DNA polymerases have highly-conserved structure, which means that their overall catalytic subunits vary, on a whole, very little from species to species. Conserved structures usually indicate important, irreplaceable functions of the cell, the maintenance of which provides evolutionary advantages. Some viruses also encode special DNA polymerases, such as Hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase. These may selectively replicate viral DNA through a variety of mechanisms. Retroviruses encode an unusual DNA polymerase called reverse transcriptase, which is an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (RdDp). It polymerizes DNA from a template of RNA.
On bfbc2 how long do you have to defuse a charge?
depends if your lagging or not. if your laggy about 6 or 7 , if your not lagging about 4 secs.
Leading and lagging power factor?
The terms, 'leading' and 'lagging' refer to what the load current is doing, relative to the supply voltage (Phase difference) -never the other way around. If the current is leading the voltage, then the power factor is 'leading'; if the current is lagging the voltage, then the power factor is 'lagging'.
At each replication fork one new strand of DNA is made of many small pieces. what is the strand of DNA called?
When the two parent strands of DNA are separated to begin replication, one strand is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction while the other strand is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction. DNA replication, however, is inflexible: the enzyme that carries out the replication, DNA polymerase, only functions in the 5' to 3' direction. This characteristic of DNA polymerase means that the daughter strands synthesize through different methods, one adding nucleotides one by one in the direction of the replication fork, the other able to add nucleotides only in chunks. The first strand, which replicates nucleotides one by one is called the leading strand; the other strand, which replicates in chunks, is called the lagging strand. The lagging strand replicates in small segments, called Okazaki fragments. These fragments are stretches of 100 to 200 nucleotides in humans (1000 to 2000 in bacteria).
Where does ssb protein bind on lagging strand or on leading strand?
ssb protein bind to the lagging strand as leading strand is invovled in dna replication and lagging strand is invovled in okazaki fragment formation
