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∙ 12y agoThe above includes what was the first line written under "impressions" on my radiology report related to an MRI done w/o and with Contrast which I was given recently. I'm going to see my neurologist today, but can tell you what I know now. The doctors I've spoken with so far expressed concern, then some calming words such as, "the report wasn't conclusive," as the radiologist had included a number of possible reasons for the results. However, I've since read the fact I had an MRI six years ago during which this foci was not present, this presents a problem. The fact the foci is in the periventricular area typically suggests a diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. However, my neurologist ask to look at the films himself, to confirm this foci or lesion, is new. If it is indeed a new lesion, this signifies a diagnosis of either Multiple Sclerosis or another demyelinating disease. (Note: I had a "small foci" of "abnormal T2 Flair" rather than being scattered. )
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∙ 12y agoThis indicates the presence of small areas of increased signal intensity in the brain's white matter on a T2 FLAIR MRI sequence. These areas are typically seen around the ventricles and deep regions of the brain, suggesting possible small vessel disease or demyelination. Further evaluation may be needed to determine the underlying cause.
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∙ 12y agoIt could be related to prior infection, trauma, inflammation, or
demyelinating disease.
This finding typically indicates small areas of increased fluid content in the brain's white matter, usually due to conditions like small vessel disease or microvascular ischemia. Further evaluation may be needed to determine the specific cause and significance of these hyperintense foci.
A low density area in the subcortical white matter of the left posterior parietal lobe could indicate a region of decreased cellularity or myelin loss. This may be associated with conditions such as demyelinating diseases, vascular damage, or other pathologies affecting the white matter in that specific brain region. Further investigation with clinical correlation is necessary to determine the underlying cause.
Cortical is a word referring to the cortex, so the subcortical region of the brain is literally 'anything beneath the cortex'; but, since the brain isn't arranged in flat layers, it may be easier to visualise this analogy: If you picture the brain as being half an orange, the outer skin (the zest) would equate to the grey matter of cerebral cortex, & the inner skin (the pith) to the white matter; everything else (the pulp & the pips of the orange) represents the subcortical structures, which include various ventricles & nuclei, the thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum, & the parts that make up the brainstem. Subcortical pathways enable fast, unconscious reactions; so a reflex is a subcortical action.
the cerebral neurons are housed in the cerebrums outer region called the CEREBRAL CORTEX
The gray matter of the brain is composed of cell bodies of neurons, including dendrites and synapses. It is responsible for processing information in the brain and is more prominently found in the cerebral cortex and subcortical nuclei.
what does this mean? Impression: There are scattered foci of T2/FLAIR hyperintensity within the periventricular, deep and subcortical white matter. The findings are nonspecific but may be seen in mild to moderate small vessel ischemic changes. No evidence for acute infarct or hemorrhage.
Mild diffuse cerebral and cerebellum volume loss and T2 hyperintensity within the periventricular white matter refers to a stroke. This can cause a slight decrease in the white matter of the brain.
Small hypo densities are seen in bilatereral para ventricular region
Nonspecific foci of T2 prolongation in subcortical and periventricular white matter can be caused by a variety of conditions such as small vessel ischemic disease, chronic microvascular changes, demyelination, or inflammatory processes. It is commonly seen in conditions like small vessel disease, migraine, or chronic microvascular changes related to aging. Further evaluation may be needed to determine the exact cause in each individual case.
This phrase is a statement that would be used by a radiologist when reviewing the results from a MRI. Breaking down the phrase by individual parts:T2 - An indication of the type of scan that was done. In a T2-weighted scan, areas that are fluid-filled appear bright, while areas that are fatty appear dark. A T1 scan would show the opposite results.Hyperintensity - An indication of a bright region on the scan.Foci of T2 Hyperintensity, therefore, means "focal points, or concise areas, of very bright spots."Subcortical and periventricular white matter - These are locations within the brain. Regions of the brain are categorized by color (white matter or grey matter) and location (cortical, or related to the cortex, subcortical, or below the cortex, etc).The statement, therefore, means "white spots on a MRI scan at certain locations within the brain."This statement alone does not indicate any particular disease is present. It is a piece of information that a neurologist would use to help determine whether or not someone had a certain disease or condition. There are many conditions or diseases which can cause white spots on the brain; only a neurologist can sort through the possibilities and determine what caused these white spots.
The ICD-10 code for periventricular white matter lesion is I69.819.
What does this mean in easy to understand terms
Subcortical white matter lesions may be associated with cardiovascular disease. They may also be associated with multiple sclerosis, if the patient has other MS signs and symptoms.
Hyperintense signals in the bifrontal subcortical white matter on MRI can indicate various conditions such as small vessel ischemic disease, demyelination, or inflammation. Further evaluation and clinical correlation are necessary to determine the underlying cause.
Moderate periventricular leukoencephalopathy is a condition characterized by damage to the white matter of the brain. It can lead to symptoms such as difficulties with movement, coordination, and cognitive functions. Treatment options may include physical therapy, speech therapy, and medications to manage symptoms.
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a type of brain injury that affects the white matter around the fluid-filled cavities (ventricles) in the brain, particularly in premature infants. It is often caused by decreased blood flow and oxygen delivery to the periventricular white matter, leading to damage and cell death. PVL can result in long-term neurological issues such as cerebral palsy and developmental delays.
This finding typically indicates small areas of increased fluid content in the brain's white matter, usually due to conditions like small vessel disease or microvascular ischemia. Further evaluation may be needed to determine the specific cause and significance of these hyperintense foci.