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Amino acids are the basic building blocks (monomers) of proteins. Two amino acids joined together by peptide bonds forms a dipeptide. Many amino acids in a chain form a polypeptide. One or many polypeptides folded/folded together form/s a protein.

There are twenty common amino acids (examples are alanine, tryptophan, methionine and valine). They all consist of a central carbon atom linked to an R group (also called a side chain), a hydrogen atom, an amino (NH2) group and a carboxylic acid (COOH) group. The different amino acids (like the 4 examples above) differ in the structure of their R groups.

Glycine's R group is a single H atom. Phenylalanine's R group differs from alanine's R group by a phenyl group. Alanine's R group is simply CH3 (a methyl group).

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15y ago

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