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Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells. Examples of toxic agents are an immune cell or some types of venom, e.g. from the puff adder or brown recluse spider.
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What is cell cytotoxicity?
Cell cytotoxicity is the ability of a substance or agent to cause cell death or damage to cells. This can occur through various mechanisms, including inducing apoptosis, disrupting cell membranes, or interfering with cellular functions. Cell cytotoxicity is often studied in the context of evaluating the effects of drugs, chemicals, or immune responses on cells.
Does tawa tawa cure other diseases?
UsesFolkloric- Called gatas-gatas because of the healing property of the milky juice.- In the Philippines, leaves are mixed with Datura metel leaves and flowers in the preparation of "asthma-cigarettes."- Latex is prescribed for asthma.- Entire plant prescribed as an antidote; considered hemostatic, sedative, and soporific.- Decoction used to allay the dyspnea of asthmatics.- Fluid extract of tincture is used in asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema, also in pulmonary cardiac disease and angina pectoris.- Used for acute and chronic dysentery.- Tincture is used as anthelmintic. Also used for ringworm.- Juice used for colics.- Juice used as ophthalmic drops for conjunctivitis or ulceration of the cornea. Stem sap used in the treatment of styes.- Leaf poultice used for swellings and boils.- Infusion or tea of the plant, 4 glasses daily, for bronchitis and labored breathing, asthma, chronic dysentery.- Used for boils and wounds.- Decoction of dry plant used for skin disease.- Decoction of fresh plant used as gargle for the treatment of thrush.- Decoction of the root used to allay vomiting, chronic diarrheas, and fevers.- Root decoction also beneficial for nursing mothers deficient in milk: 4-5 glasses of tea.- The same root decoction as an enema for constipation.- Root used for snake bites.- Used in sores, wounds, boils. As ear drop for pustular swellings in the ear.- Leaves are mixed with Datura metel leaves and flowers to make the "asthma-cigarette."- Latex also prescribed for asthma.- Superficial bleeding: Crush leaves and apply on affected part, as local hemostatic.- In Australia and elsewhere, used for asthma and pectoral complains.- In Brazil, decoction used for gonorrhea and asthma.- In Africa and Australia, used to treat hypertension and edema.- In India, used for treatment of syphilis; sap applied to warts. Also for affections of children, especially bowel and chest complaints. The milky juice is dropped into eyes for conjunctivitis and corneal ulcerations.- Plant decoction: 25 gms of the whole plant to a pint of boiling water; boil for 3-4 minutes; drink 3-5 glasses a day. Externally as needed.- In traditional Indian medicinal systems, leaves used in the treatment of coryza, cough, asthma, bronchial infections, bowel complaints, helminthic infestations, wounds, kidney stones and abscesses.- Santals use the root to allay vomiting; also, used by nursing mothers with deficient milk supply.- In the Gold Coast, ground and mixed with water and used as an enema for constipation.- In La Reunion, used as astringent in chronic diarrheas and dysentery.- Roots used for intermittent fevers.Recent interests from the folk medicine grapevine- Dengue- Dengue and anecdotal reports of "cures" from the use of tawa-tawa has created a flurry of queries, web blogs, and sustained media interest.- Tea Making Procedure:- Take 5 to 6 full whole Tawa Tawa plants- Cut off the roots- Wash and clean- Fill a boiling pot with clean water- Boil the Tawa Tawa for 1 (one) minute in a slow rolling boil- Cool- Let the dengue fever victim drink only the Tawa Tawa water for 24 hours- Sip 1 to 1.5 glasses of Tawa Tawa water every hour.- Another Decoction Preparation: Cut roots off 5 to 6 gatas-gatas plants. Rinse. Put the tawa-tawa into a pot of boiling water for one minute. Cool. Drink the decoction, 1 to 1 1/2 glasses, every hour for 24 hours.Studies• Anti-Diabetic / Lipid Effect: Study of ethanolic extracts of leaf, flower and stem on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice showed significant reduction in blood glucose levels. Biochemical effects showed significant decreases in serum cholesterol with elevation of HDL. Results showed EH has antidiabetic action and suggests further study for isolation of responsible compound.• Antibacterial: (1) Antibacterial Activities And Toxicological Potentials Of Crude Ethanolic Extracts Of Euphorbia hirta: The study showed the ethanolic extract to inhibit the growth of test isolates except Salmonella typhi. The antibacterial effect was attributed to the presence of alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids which have been shown to have antibacterial properties. The results support its use in traditional medicine. (2) Study on the antibacterial effect of compounds extracted from C sinensis and the methanol extract of E hirta against dysentery causing Shigella spp showed the extracts to be non-cytotoxic and effective antibacterial agents. (3) Methanolic extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus, E. coli, and B. subtilis. Phytochemical screening yielded terpenes, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids.• Diuretic: Euphorbia hirta leaf extracts increase urine output and electrolytes in rats: Study suggests that the active components in the water extract of E. hirta leaf had similar diuretic effect as that of acetazolamide. The results validate its traditional use as a diuretic by the Swahilis and Sukumas.• Anti-Allergic: Inhibition of early and late phase allergic reactions by Euphorbia hirta L: Study demonstrated that E. hirta possessed significant activity to prevent early and late phase allergic reactions.• Anthelmintic: Anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous crude extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn in Nigerian dogs: Extract of E. hirta Study reduced the fecal egg count of the helminths and suggests a potential as an anthelmintic agent.• Antihypertensive / ACE Inhibition: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibiting and anti-dipsogenic activities of Euphorbia hirta extracts: Study showed the extract from leaves and stems inhibited the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).• Anxiolytic / Sedative: (1) Euphorbia hirta showed an activity profile different from that of benzodiazepines. Study showed a central depressant and sedating effect with no hypnotic or neuroleptic effects. (2) Study validated the traditional use of E. hirta as a sedative with anxiolytic properties.• Antidiarrheal: Study investigated the antidiarrhoeic activity of Euphorbia hirta extract. An active flavonoid constituent, quercitin, was isolated; it show anti-diarrheic activity• Antibacterial / Antifungal: The ethanol extract was analyzed for antimicrobial activity against S aureus, B cereus, S typhi, K pneumonia, P aeruginosa and fungus species A niger, A fumigatus, A flavus and R oryzae. Study of leaves isolated tannins, flavonoids, alklaloids, glycosides, proteins, sterols and saponins.Antimicrobial activity was attributed to one of these constituents. Leaves collected from August to December showed more significant antimicrobial activity.• Galactogenic: E hirta study in female guinea pigs increased the development of mammary glands and induced secretion.• Antifertility: E hirta has been shown to decrease sperm motility, density of cauda epididymal and testis sperm suspension with 100% infertility.• Anti-Malarial / Flavonol Glycosides: Study of aerial parts isolated flavonol glycosides afzelin, quercitin and myricitrin. The three compounds showed inhibition of proliferation of Plasmodium falcifarum.• Anti-Inflammatory: (1) n-hexane extract of aerial parts and its main triterpene constituents showed significant and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity. (2) An extract of Euphorbia hirta and its component beta-amyrin are able to block most of the iNOS protein functions and NO induction, and presents a potential as a new selective NO inhibitor for the treatment of arthritis inflammation.• Anticancer / Antiproliferative: (1) Studies of extracts of E hirta have shown selective cytotoxicity against several cancer line. (2) Extracts screened showed Anti-proliferative activities against normal mouse fibroblast cells. (3) Study of a methanol extract of leaves of E. hirta on Hep-2 cells from human epithelioma of larynx showed anti-proliferative activity.• Antioxidant: Studies of methanol and water extracts showed antioxidant activities comparable to that of green and black teas.• Platelet Effect / Dengue Treatment: Study of decoction of tawa-tawa leaves on Sprague-Dawley rats showed an increase in platelet counts without notable effects on RBC and WBC counts. The increase was attributed to stimulation of platelet production in the bone marrow.• Anti-Arthritic: Euphorbia hirta possibly affects cartilage degeneration through matrix metalloproteinases(MMP-13) pathways and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) pathways, displaying dose-dependent effects on their levels. Results suggest a viable alternative to treatment of arthritis.• Anti-Tumor: The antitumor activity of the aerial part of E. hirta was evaluated against EL-4 cell line (S.C.) in Swiss albino mice. There was a significant enhancement of mean survival time and reduction of solid tumor mass of EF-treated tumor bearing mice.• Antiviral / Anti-HIV1 / Anti-HIV2 / SIV:Antiretroviral activities of extracts of E. hirta were investigated in vitro on MT4 human T lymphocyte cell line. A dose-dependent inhibition of RT activity was observed for all three viruses. A 50% methanolic extract exhibited a higher antiretroviral effect than an aqueous extract. Study concludes that tannins are probably responsible for the high antiretroviral activity.***The oldest remedies known to mankind are herbal medicines. India is known worldwide for its Ayurvedic treatment. Euphorbia hirta is often used traditionally for female disorders, respiratory ailments (cough, coryza, bronchitis, and asthma), worm infestations in children, dysentery, jaundice, pimples, gonorrhea, digestive problems, and tumors. It is reported to contain alkanes, triterpenes, phytosterols, tannins, polyphenols, and flavanoids. This review describes the medicinal properties, chemical constituents, and other important aspects of Euphorbia hirta.***Antiasthmatic. The herb is good for asthmatic persons. It breaks up mucus and relaxes spasm. It is combined with bronchial sedatives in inhaler preparation. Steep one teaspoon of leaves per cup of water for ten minutes. Take three to four glasses a day. May also be form into cigarette - burn and inhale smoke.
How are cytotoxicity, sensitization, and irritation tests performed?
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What molecule is involved in cell mediated cytotoxicity?
t cells
What is cell cytotoxicity?
Cell cytotoxicity is the ability of a substance or agent to cause cell death or damage to cells. This can occur through various mechanisms, including inducing apoptosis, disrupting cell membranes, or interfering with cellular functions. Cell cytotoxicity is often studied in the context of evaluating the effects of drugs, chemicals, or immune responses on cells.
What has the author Frances Elizabeth Bishop written?
Frances Elizabeth Bishop has written: 'Study of the metabolism and cytotoxicity of the ether lipid SRI 62-834'
What has the author Frank A Barile written?
Frank A. Barile has written: 'Introduction to in vitro cytotoxicology' -- subject(s): Cell culture, Cell-mediated cytotoxicity, In vitro, Toxicity testing 'Principles of Toxicology Testing'
Are Viral infections are generally cytotoxic?
Viral infections can be cytotoxic, but the extent of cytotoxicity varies depending on the virus and the host's immune response. Some viruses directly kill host cells by disrupting cellular functions or triggering apoptosis, while others may cause damage indirectly by eliciting an immune response that harms nearby cells. Additionally, certain viral infections can lead to chronic conditions without immediate cytotoxic effects. Overall, the cytotoxicity of a viral infection is context-dependent.
Biology 11 laboratory manual Pasadena city college?
I want the biology laboratory manual of std XI for Guidance in my studies.
What has the author Jen-Nie Hu written?
Jen-Nie Hu has written: 'Natural killer cell activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of cats' -- subject(s): Cats, Diseases, Immunological aspects, Immunological aspects of Tumors, Tumor antigens, Tumors
What is the medical term meaning poisoning of cells?
Sepsis is about the most general term for poising of the cells. But "poisoning of the cells" is never a diagnosis because everything is essentially a cell. You would have to be more specific about which cells where being poisoned. However, in the strictist etymologic sense, cytotoxicity parses to "cell poisoning."
What has the author Didier Oosterlynck written?
Didier Oosterlynck is a Belgian artist known for his conceptual and performance art. His works often explore themes of participation, humor, and social critique through unconventional artistic mediums such as food and everyday objects.
What is cytotoxicity drugs?
A drug that has a toxic (poisonous) effect on cells. Often used in chemotherapy - unpleasant side effects may include nausea, vomiting, hair loss and suppression of bone marrow function Examples of cytotoxic agents are Methotrexate and Cyclophophosphamide. they have been linked to pulmonary fibrosis (where there is too much fibrous connective tissue in the lung).
How does Neutral red assay enters a cell?
Viable cells will take up the dye by active transport and incorporate the dye into lysosomes, whereas non-viable cells will not take up the dye. After the cells have been allowed to incorporate the dye they are briefly washed or fixed. The incorporated dye is then liberated from the cells in an acidified ethanol solution. An increase or decrease in the number of cells or their physiological state results in a concomitant change in the amount of dye incorporated by the cells in the culture. This indicates the degree of cytotoxicity caused by the test material.
