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A nucleotide is a monomer of a nucleic acid consisting of 3 parts. These 3 parts include a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous bases include purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine).

Sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base(base pair)

There are also some exotic, artificial nucleotides with different types of sugars with different numbers of carbon atoms and/or different functional groups.

There are nitrogenous bases other than A (adenine), T (thymine), C (cytosine) and G (guanine), most notably U (uracil) which is present in RNA instead of T.

Base pairs:

A-T

C-G

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