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Channel 1) Allow ions to flow down electrochemical gradient 2) Move ions across membrane very quickly (i.e., million ions/sec) 3) Needs no more than a single gate to control opening. 4) Can be selective for multiple ion types 5) Large domain movement is required to open or close gate(s). (conformational change) 6) Some gates are controlled by smaller structural change (ie. A single amino acid change) 7) Multiple transmembrane domain 8) Can be open to both sides of the membrane

Transporter 1) Move at least one of the ions it is transporting against its electrochemical gradient 2) Slower ions transporter than channels 3) Requires at least two gates to control opening. 4) Can be selective for multiple ion types 5) Large domain movement is required to open or close gates (conformational change) 6) Some gates are controlled by smaller structural change (i.e., A single amino acid change) 7) Must use some form of energy to move ions against its electrochemical gradient. 8) Multiple transmembrane domain 9) Virtually never open to both sides of the membrane Source: 1) http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v427/n6977 /full/427795a.html

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