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The outermost layer of animal cells is the cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane). The outermost layer of plant cells is the cell wall.

The cell membrane allows the movement of nutrients and wastes into and out of the cell either through passive transport (no energy required) or active transport (energy required). This ensures that the environment inside the cell remains relatively constant (this is called homeostasis).Both animal cells and plant cells have cell membranes but the cell membrane in plant cells is covered by the cell wall.

The cell wall provides structural support and rigidity to plant cells. It also maintains the shape of the plant cell.

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