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The reduced NADPH2 made during light dependent stage of photosynthesis carries thehydrogen ion
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∙ 13y ago
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∙ 12y agoThe Calvin Cycle is endergonic, meaning it requires energy for it to run. This energy comes from 2 ATP molecules and one NADPH molecule.
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∙ 8y agoIt is the H2O liquid. It is the H+ source.
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∙ 13y agothe splitting of water during the light reactions
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∙ 13y agoThe source is an h20 molecule splitting
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∙ 14y agoH20 (water)
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∙ 12y agoNADPH
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What is function and structure of stroma?
The stroma of a plant is the region outside of the thylakoid space. This serves two functions in the both the light-dependent and light-independent (Calvin cycle) reactions. In the light-dependent reactions, the H+ ions that build up within the thylakoid begin to form a concentration gradient between the thylakoid and the stroma. As a result, the H+ ions need to diffuse into the stroma. In order to do this, the ions must travel through an enzyme known as ATP synthase. Once it does, the movement of H+ ions through ATP synthase into the stroma provides energy for ADP to become ATP. The ATP formed is an energy source to power the Calvin cycle. Now, the light-independent (Calvin cycle) reactions occur in the stroma.
What are the seven steps in light dependent reactions?
Photosynthesis occurs in 2 parts- The light reactions and the Calvin Cycle. The light cycle is dependent on light. Within the chloroplast, are sacs of organelles called thylakoids. (A stacked bundle of these are called Granum.) The Thylakoids membranes contain chlorophyll. The chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs the light from the sun.now for the steps of the light reactions. 1.)The light absorbed by chlorophyll causes a transfer of electrons and H+ from H20 molecules already present. This causes the H20 to split into molecular 0xygen (02) and a H+ ion. 2.) The O2 is released (we breathe it) and the H+ bonds to NADP+ creating NADPH 3.)ATP is formed through photophosphorylation. (ADP gets a phosphate group added to it creating ATP) 4.) The NADPH and the ATP created here go on to fuel the reactions in the second part of photosynthesis - The Calvin Cycle
What site in the chloroplast where Calvin cycle or light independent reaction takes place?
in the stroma
Is ATP produced in both photosynthesis and respiration?
Yes and No. There are two parts of photosynthesis, the light reactions and Calvin cycle. The light reactions produce ATP and NADPH which the Calvin reactions then use to produce sugars. So yes in respration 32-38 ATP are produced. And yes ATP is made by the light rxns in photosynthesis but is not a final product like the ATP in respiration
What role NADPH have in photosynthesis?
NADP is a co enzyme which acts as a hydrogen carrier. The role of NADP is to carry the hydrogen atom from the light dependent stage, which comes from the water molecule ( water molecule splits to form H+ , 2electrons & oxygen, which is a waste gas). NADP carries this hydrogen atom n gets reduced. the reducing power of reduced NADPH reduces the 3 Carbon acid tht has the grp ( -COOH )...to a 3 Carbon sugar that has an aldehyde group ( -CHO ) known as Glyceraldehyde phosphate, which is a triose phosphate. This is the first carbohydrate in photosynthesis. The reason for the conversion of GP to TP is because TP contains more chemical energy.
What is the role of H in photosynthesis Short answer (ex chlorophyll absorbs light) preferred?
In short, it is used in the Calvin-cycle to reduce CO2 into a sugar.
Why is the H plus ion important in photosynthesis?
they undergo chemiosmosis resulting in the creation of ATP throught ATP Synthase. Also, they are used to make NADPH when combining with the two electrons lost from P700 and with NADP+ left over from the calvin cycle!!!
How is H2O involved in photosynthesis?
The water is split in the light reactions, with the H+ being used to reduce NADP to NADPH, thereby storing energy which will power the Calvin Cycle, which makes carbohydrates. The result of the light reactions is also oxygen gas, O2.
How do sugars assemble during photosynthesis?
Glucose is made when H+ ions interact with carbon dioxide molecules. This is also known as the Calvin Benson cycle. When glucose is formed it may be converted to a disaccharide for transport eg. sucrose or it may be stored as starch in granules.
What is function and structure of stroma?
The stroma of a plant is the region outside of the thylakoid space. This serves two functions in the both the light-dependent and light-independent (Calvin cycle) reactions. In the light-dependent reactions, the H+ ions that build up within the thylakoid begin to form a concentration gradient between the thylakoid and the stroma. As a result, the H+ ions need to diffuse into the stroma. In order to do this, the ions must travel through an enzyme known as ATP synthase. Once it does, the movement of H+ ions through ATP synthase into the stroma provides energy for ADP to become ATP. The ATP formed is an energy source to power the Calvin cycle. Now, the light-independent (Calvin cycle) reactions occur in the stroma.
How many NADPH are produced in the Calvin Benson cycle in photosynthesis?
For each two water molecules, the noncyclic electron flow will produce 1 O2 molecule, 2 NADPH, and 1 ATP.
How many carbon dioxide molecules are needed to priduce a suger?
The sum of reactions in the Calvin cycle (photosynthesis in green chloroplasts) is the following:3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 5 H2O + 9 ATP → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) + 2 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi-The carbohydrate products of the Calvin cycle are three-carbon sugar phosphate molecules, or "triose phosphates," namely, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P, CH2OH-CHOH-CHO)Hexose (six-carbon, normal) sugars like glucose and fructose are not a product of the Calvin cycle. Although many texts list a product of photosynthesis as C6H12O6, this is mainly a convenience to counter the equation of respiration, where six-carbon sugars are oxidized in mitochondria.
What are the seven steps in light dependent reactions?
Photosynthesis occurs in 2 parts- The light reactions and the Calvin Cycle. The light cycle is dependent on light. Within the chloroplast, are sacs of organelles called thylakoids. (A stacked bundle of these are called Granum.) The Thylakoids membranes contain chlorophyll. The chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs the light from the sun.now for the steps of the light reactions. 1.)The light absorbed by chlorophyll causes a transfer of electrons and H+ from H20 molecules already present. This causes the H20 to split into molecular 0xygen (02) and a H+ ion. 2.) The O2 is released (we breathe it) and the H+ bonds to NADP+ creating NADPH 3.)ATP is formed through photophosphorylation. (ADP gets a phosphate group added to it creating ATP) 4.) The NADPH and the ATP created here go on to fuel the reactions in the second part of photosynthesis - The Calvin Cycle
When was William H. Calvin born?
William H. Calvin was born on 1939-04-30.
What is the fate of water and Co2 in photosynthesis as a redox reaction?
Water separates into O2, H+ ions, and electrons. CO2 is reduced by NADPH during the Calvin cycle and becomes G3P, which may then be converted into glucose or starch depending on the energy needs of the cell.
What is the function of a stroma in a leaf?
The stroma of a plant is the region outside of the thylakoid space. This serves two functions in the both the light-dependent and light-independent (Calvin cycle) reactions. In the light-dependent reactions, the H+ ions that build up within the thylakoid begin to form a concentration gradient between the thylakoid and the stroma. As a result, the H+ ions need to diffuse into the stroma. In order to do this, the ions must travel through an enzyme known as ATP synthase. Once it does, the movement of H+ ions through ATP synthase into the stroma provides energy for ADP to become ATP. The ATP formed is an energy source to power the Calvin cycle. Now, the light-independent (Calvin cycle) reactions occur in the stroma. in short: Its function is for production of ATP.
How does NADPH get into the low form of chemical energy?
NADPH, which is reduced, is in a high form of free energy. Its low from of free energy is NADP+, which is oxidized. NADPH reaches its high state of free energy through the light reaction phase of photosynthesis. After photosystem 1 (PSI) Fd, which is an electron acceptor, reduces NADP+ turing it into NADPH by adding one proton (H+) and two electrons on to it. It is a more versatile energy source during the Calvin Cycle, the second stage of photosynthesis, than water because it has higher free energy and its energy is more accessible.
