Mutation and recombination leading to variations in organisms. Without these variations there would be nothing to select from.
The four pieces of evidence that scientists point to as proof of natural selection are the fossil record, biogeography, homologous structures, and observable natural selection in action. These pieces of evidence all support the idea that organisms have evolved over time through the process of natural selection.
Genetic drift, as it is a random process that does not necessarily contribute to the differential survival and reproduction of individuals. Variation, heritability, and differential reproductive success are essential components of natural selection.
Charles Darwin is known for the theory of evolution through natural selection. He proposed that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors, and that the process of natural selection is the mechanism through which this evolution occurs.
Variations in a species are needed for natural selection to occur because they provide the raw material for evolutionary change. Without variation, there would be no differences for natural selection to act upon, and individuals within a species would be identical. Variations allow some individuals to be better adapted to their environment, giving them a higher chance of survival and reproduction, thus driving the process of natural selection.
No. Natural selection requires reproductive variation to work on. Besides reproductive variation and natural selection, there are various forces, biochemical as well as population dynamical, that affect the allelic composition of a population.
The four pieces of evidence that scientists point to as proof of natural selection are the fossil record, biogeography, homologous structures, and observable natural selection in action. These pieces of evidence all support the idea that organisms have evolved over time through the process of natural selection.
All modern lifeforms are examples of natural selection, since they are all the result of it.
yes.
Genetic drift, as it is a random process that does not necessarily contribute to the differential survival and reproduction of individuals. Variation, heritability, and differential reproductive success are essential components of natural selection.
Because all animals that exist have formed, and are being formed and re-formed, continuously, primarily by natural selection.
No, all life evolves. Bacteria evolve, viruses evolve, protists evolve, plants evolve, fungi evolve and animals evolve. Evolution is driven by Natural Selection. So, no. The evolution of all life on Earth is driven by Natural Selection: all bacteria, plants, animals, mammals, fish, insects, biochemical pathways, behaviours et cetera evolve by Natural Selection.
Yes, penguins, like all animals, have gone through natural selection. Scientific evidence supports this notion.
He formulated the principle of natural selection, intersexual selection and intrasexual selection which all contributed to the study of evolution.
Randomness.
Evolution by natural selection is currently the only viable theory explaining the diversity of life. However, the mechanism of natural selection is not the only mechanism to affect evolution. There are phenomena such as genetic drift, biased gene conversion, intragenomic conflict, and so on, that aren't exactly the same as natural selection (although they are all intertwined and all affect one another), but do affect the direction of evolution.
All species have genetic variation. ;D
All animals, including Homo sapiens, did and do.