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What organelles were once prokaryotes and moved into eukaryotes?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts are generally accepted as once being prokaryotes that moved into eukaryotes and formed an endosymbiotic relationship. However, the person who first suggested this theory also suggested that the eukaryotic flagella was once a highly motile bacteria as well, that has lost all of its genes to the nucleus instead of only some, as in mitochondria and chloroplasts. This is not widely accepted though.
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
Wiki User
∙ 14y agomitochondria and choloplast are the two most used examples. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endosymbiotic_theory
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Are organelles only found in eukaryotic cells?
Yes. Prokaryotes are much too small to carry chloroplasts. It is theorized that chloroplasts were once prokaryotes that started a symbiotic relations with early eukaryotic cells, which explains why chloroplasts and mitochondria are found in the eukaryotic cell.
Is it true some plants animals contain prokaryotic cells?
Plants and animals are classified as eukaryotes (true nucleus with nuclear membrane). These cells do not have prokaryotic cells lodged in them. while describing the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplast, we say that these may have once been free living prokaryotic cells that were engulfed into the eukaryotic cells. There is evidence that the mitochondrial and chloroplast genome has structure similar to that of the prokaryotes. The ribosomes and the RNA types produced are also typical of prokaryotes. The fact that the organelles have double membranes also suggests being absorbed by a larger cell. However, even if they were their own cells at one time, they have degenerated into only organelles. Thus plants and animal cells do not have prokaryotic cells.
Which is used as evidence for the idea that multicellular organisms evolved from prokaryotes?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA
How does photosynthesis occur in prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes do not perform photosynthesis. They are organisms that lack a cell nucleus, they don't even have chloroplast, to perform it. Plants, which are eukaryotes, photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast.
Is a mitochondria in a plant cell animal cell or both?
-Mitochondria are organelles within eukaryotic cells -Mitochondria themselves are not cells, but are believed to have once been a cell themselves because they have a double membrane and their own genetic material...DNA -Plant and animal cells are eukaryotic
Describe the proposed relationship between prokaryotes and the organelles in eukaryotes?
The endosymbiotic theory deals with the relationship between organelles in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. According to this theory organelles in eukaryotes originated separately from prokaryotes.
Are any organelles present in only plant cells?
Every cell has organelles. Prokaryotes were once thought to have no organelles but some have been found now. Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles and prokaryotes do not.
What part of the cell theory did Lynn margulis contribute to?
She concluded that some organelles found in eukaryotes were once free-living prokaryotes.
Are organelles only found in eukaryotic cells?
Yes. Prokaryotes are much too small to carry chloroplasts. It is theorized that chloroplasts were once prokaryotes that started a symbiotic relations with early eukaryotic cells, which explains why chloroplasts and mitochondria are found in the eukaryotic cell.
Where in the eukaryotic cell do replication transcription RNA processing and translation each occur?
In eukaryotic cells, you have a nucleus, whereas with prokaryotic cells you have none and you are missing some organelles found with the eukaryotes. Eukaryotes organelles are found within the cytoplasm.
Is it true some plants animals contain prokaryotic cells?
Plants and animals are classified as eukaryotes (true nucleus with nuclear membrane). These cells do not have prokaryotic cells lodged in them. while describing the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplast, we say that these may have once been free living prokaryotic cells that were engulfed into the eukaryotic cells. There is evidence that the mitochondrial and chloroplast genome has structure similar to that of the prokaryotes. The ribosomes and the RNA types produced are also typical of prokaryotes. The fact that the organelles have double membranes also suggests being absorbed by a larger cell. However, even if they were their own cells at one time, they have degenerated into only organelles. Thus plants and animal cells do not have prokaryotic cells.
Which is used as evidence for the idea that multicellular organisms evolved from prokaryotes?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA
What 2 organelles were once free?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts used to be free-living. They used to be prokaryotes, but they got enveloped by other prokaryotes and their membrane became a double membrane because the first one stayed and the second one came from it being enveloped. Their DNA is also similar to prokaryote DNA. Their original cell membrane is also similar to a prokaryote's cell membrane.
Where in the eukaryotic cell do replication transcription RNA processing translation each occur?
In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus. RNA polymerase II transcribes the DNA forming an mRNA transcript.The mRNA is then modified. It has a 5'-cap and a 3'polyA tail and it can also be spliced and edited by various enzymes. Once an mRNA molecule has been correctly edited it is exported out of the nucleus through nuclear pores. Once in the cytoplasm can be localized to different compartments of the cell, but most of the protein synthesis occurs on the rough ER.Here various translation factors help ribosomes to translate the DNA into protein. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm.Do not get this confused with prokaryotes. In prokaryotes, they do not have organelles and so transcription and translation are coupled in the cytoplasm... (they occur at the same time).
What does the endosymbiosis theory propose?
The endosymbiosis theory proposes that eukaryotic cells evolved from symbiotic relationships between different prokaryotic organisms. It suggests that organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts were once independent prokaryotes that were engulfed by a host cell, eventually forming a mutually beneficial relationship.
How does the symbiosis theory prove to have DNA inside the mitochondria?
Mitochondria--small organelles found in eukaryotic cells that produce ATP--are believed to have become part of the eukaryotic cell by a process of symbiosis. This theory is supported by the fact that mitochondria have their own DNA, separate and distinct from that of the cell in which they reside. Even more compelling is the fact that mtDNA is found in the same form as DNA in prokaryotes such as bacteria. DNA in eukaryotes (animals, plants, fungi) comes in the form of long strings. It has two distinct ends and eukaryotes usually have several of these strings (chromosomes). DNA in prokaryotes, on the other hand, comes in a circular form. It is referred to as ccc-DNA, or covalently closed circular DNA. Prokaryotes typically only have one circular chromosome. The DNA found in mitochondria is ccc-DNA, rather than the eukaryotic type. This, and the fact that it is distinct from the DNA of the cell in which it is found, both suggest that mitochondria were once unique organisms that merged with other organisms via symbiosis to become one type of cell.
What is the origin of chloroplasts?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed prokaryotes that once lived as independent organisms. At some point, a eukaryotic cell engulfed an aerobic prokaryote, which then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the host eukaryote, gradually developing into a mitochondrion. Eukaryotic cells containing mitochondria then engulfed photosynthetic prokaryotes, which evolved to become specialized chloroplast organelles.
