I think you're talking about Mendel's famous pea plant study. It's not the size that matters, but rather the genotype. The parents have to possess a certain pair of chromosomes to create a specific phenotype (short plants).
Here's your answer:
Let's use T to represent the dominant trait of tallness, and t to represent a recessive trait of shortness.
If both parents are short plants, their genotype would have to be tt (dominant could be TT or Tt). So when you crossed their chromosomes for offspring, their genotypes would also be tt. Therefore, the phenotype would be short.
the tall plant must be heterozygous
A cross between members of the F1 generation (Tt x Tt), results in the genotypic ratio of 1TT:2Tt:1tt genotypes in the F2 generation. Because the tall allele is dominant, the phenotypic ratio would be 3 tall:1 short in the F2 generation.
Allele for tall stem (dominant)- T Allele for short stem (recessive)- t The F1 generation would all be tall-stemmed plants with the genotype Tt (heterozygous). The F2 generation would consist of: 25% Tall plants with the genotype TT (homozygous dominant) 50% Tall plants with the genotype Tt (heterozygous) 25% Short plants with the genotype tt (homozygous recessive)
Tall = T short = t Tall plants genotype would either be TT or Tt, and short plants genotype would be tt.
Generally speaking, the letters used to represent cross breeding in Punnett squares indicate the characteristic being bred for. In this case, T would represent the tall plants, and S would represent the short plants. Cross-bred plants would most likely be represented by TS.
When Mendel crossed short tt pea plants (homozygous recessive) with short pea plants that were heterozygous for height (Tt), the offspring would display a phenotypic ratio of 1 short (tt) to 1 tall (Tt). This is because the short plants (tt) can only contribute recessive alleles, while the heterozygous plants (Tt) can contribute either a dominant (T) or a recessive (t) allele. Therefore, half of the offspring would be tall and half would be short.
Mendel first described what is called genetics. He used sweet peas and crossed pure bred plants. For example, he crossed short pure bred (recessive) with tall pure bred plants (dominant). If tall is dominant, all plants would be tall. Crossing these hybrid plants would give a ratio of 3 tall to 1 short. This is the basis from which all studies of genes come from.
I think not as tall is the dominant allele here.T = tallt = shortTT X ttall would beTt======and tall.
visual inspection of phenotypic traits.
The Punnett square would show that all offspring would be heterozygous for the trait, meaning they would have one allele for tall plants and one allele for short plants. This would result in all offspring being tall plants phenotypically, but carrying the allele for short plants.
Mendel hypothesized that first-generation plants, when crossed, would display a dominant trait in their offspring. He observed that when he crossed purebred plants with contrasting traits, such as tall and short pea plants, the resulting first-generation (F1) plants exhibited only the dominant trait. This led him to propose the concept of dominance in inheritance, suggesting that some traits mask the expression of others in the presence of a dominant allele.
No, the short pea trait is recessive and the tall pea plant trait is dominant. This means that if the plant is a hybrid, it has to be a tall pea plant. The dominant traits "mask" the recessive traits. The plant take one trait from their mom and one from their dad. If either the mom or the dad was not a tall, not hybrid pea plant then their kids would have to be tall be cause they would have one dominant, tall trait
the tall plant must be heterozygous
A cross between members of the F1 generation (Tt x Tt), results in the genotypic ratio of 1TT:2Tt:1tt genotypes in the F2 generation. Because the tall allele is dominant, the phenotypic ratio would be 3 tall:1 short in the F2 generation.
Tallness is a dominant trait and shortness is a recessive trait according to Mendel's principles of inheritance. When true breeding tall plants (homozygous dominant) are crossed with true breeding short plants (homozygous recessive), all offspring inherit one dominant tall allele, resulting in them being tall.
because it helped Mendel discover which plants would be crossed to produce offspring.
If both parent plants are white-flowered, then all of the 1000 offspring would be expected to have white flowers. This is because the white flower trait is a result of a homozygous genotype, and both parents would pass on the white flower allele to their offspring.