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Some animals, such as goldfish, salmon, and salamanders are polyploid, but it is more common among ferns and flowering plants. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is an example. Wheat has strains that are diploid (2 sets of chromosomes) , tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes), and hexaploid (six sets of chromosomes). Many members of the genus Brassica are tetraploids.

Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or commonly during metaphase I in meiosis.

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