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What is the relationships between chromosomes genes and alleles?
alleles are the various types of options that is chosen by the gene. The gene is the segment of DNA that codes for the protein. Genes are found on chromosomes. Chromosomes contain multiple genes.
How do meiosis and sexual reproduction fertilization produce offspring that differ genetically from the parents?
Meiosis maintains genetic diversity in two ways:1) Genetic recombination: the exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids2) By random assortment of paternal and maternal chromosomes and the alleles of genes they contain.
How do genes and alleles interact to determine an individual's traits?
Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for making proteins, which determine traits. Alleles are different forms of a gene that can result in variations in traits. The combination of alleles inherited from parents determines an individual's traits through processes like dominant and recessive inheritance.
How does DNA in offspring produced by asexual reproduction compare to DNA in offspring produced by sexual reproduction?
If an offspring was produced through asexual reproduction, its genes will be exactly like its parent. This is more or less a clone of the parent. An example of this is a bacterium. If an offspring is produced through sexual reproduction, it will contain genes from both parents. (such as humans)
What is the reproductive mechanism that allows for an offspring to inherit a trait that is expressed in neither parent?
Each parent has two versions (called alleles) of every gene, although only one is expressed. During the formation of gametes (sperm or egg), the two alleles separate and each gamete gets only one of the two alleles that a parent could contribute.So, let's pretend that both parents have brown eyes, and that the allele W is responsible for brown eyes. Let's also suppose that w (lower case) is responsible for blue eyes. Remember...both parents have two alleles, but only one is expressed, with the capital W being dominant over lower case w, so Ww will have brown eyes even though the blue eye gene is present.The mother, who has brown eyes will have the alleles Ww, so can produce eggs that have either a W or a w. Each egg is equally likely to contain either a W or a w, so about 1/2 of the eggs produced will have a W, the other half a w.The father, who has brown eyes will have the alleles Ww, so can produce sperm that have either a W or a w. Each sperm is equally likely to contain either a W or w, so about 1/2 of the sperm will contain a W, the other half a w.The progeny of these parents will have one of the four possible allele combinations:Father contributes a W, and mother contributes W - offspring will have WW, resulting in brown eyes.Mother contributes a W, and father contributes a w - offspring will have Ww, resulting in brown eyes.Father contributes a W, and mother contributes a w - offspring will have Ww, resulting in brown eyes.Both father and mother contribute w - offspring will have ww, resulting in blue eyes.Note that if the father's sperm contained a W, and the mother's egg contained a W, the progeny will have brown eyes. Also, note that if the father's sperm contained a W and the mother's egg contained a w, the progeny will have brown eyes, because W is dominant over w. The same can be said if the mother contributes a W and the father a w. Three of four possible combinations will result in the progeny inheriting a W from one or both parents, so will have brown eyes, thus, there is a 3/4 probability that the progeny from such a combination will have brown eyes.Also, note that there is a 1/4 probability that an offspring will inherit ww, because each parent contributed the recessive w gene. This ww offspring will have blue eyes even though both parents have brown eyes!The Principle of Segregation of alleles in the formation of gametes makes it possible for each gamete to be equally likely to contain either allele.
How many alleles does a non- gamete cell have?
A non-gamete cell, or somatic cell, typically has two alleles for each gene, one inherited from each parent. This means that in diploid organisms, such as humans, somatic cells contain two sets of chromosomes, resulting in two alleles per gene. However, some organisms can have different ploidy levels, affecting the number of alleles present.
ABC's of genetics?
The ABC's of genetics refers to the basic principles of genetics, which are: A for alleles (different forms of a gene), B for blending (genes from parents combine in offspring), and C for chromosomes (structures that contain DNA and genes). These concepts are fundamental to understanding how traits are inherited and passed down from parents to offspring.
What is a homologies?
This are chromosomes that have exactly the same length that contain the same gene but those genes have different alleles.
Where are the allelic pairs located?
Allelic pairs are located on homologous chromosomes, which are pairs of chromosomes that contain the same genes but may have different alleles. Each pair consists of one chromosome inherited from each parent, and the alleles for a specific gene occupy the same locus on both chromosomes. This arrangement allows for genetic variation and inheritance patterns in offspring.
What are some human traits that are caused by multiple alleles?
Eye color, blood type, and skin color are human traits that are influenced by multiple alleles. In each case, there are more than two possible alleles that can determine the trait outcome in an individual.
What are cells that contain two different alleles for a gene one dominant and one recessive?
Heterozygous cells contain two different alleles for a gene, typically with one allele being dominant and the other recessive. This means that the dominant allele will be expressed in the phenotype, while the recessive allele is present but not expressed.
What is the relationships between chromosomes genes and alleles?
alleles are the various types of options that is chosen by the gene. The gene is the segment of DNA that codes for the protein. Genes are found on chromosomes. Chromosomes contain multiple genes.
How do meiosis and sexual reproduction fertilization produce offspring that differ genetically from the parents?
Meiosis maintains genetic diversity in two ways:1) Genetic recombination: the exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids2) By random assortment of paternal and maternal chromosomes and the alleles of genes they contain.
How do genes and alleles interact to determine an individual's traits?
Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for making proteins, which determine traits. Alleles are different forms of a gene that can result in variations in traits. The combination of alleles inherited from parents determines an individual's traits through processes like dominant and recessive inheritance.
What units found on a DNA molecule that contain control traits?
Alleles
Which of the genotypes in 1 would be considered purebred?
Purebred genotypes are those that are homozygous for a specific trait, meaning they have identical alleles for that trait. For instance, if the genotypes include AA or aa, these would be considered purebred, as both alleles are the same. In contrast, heterozygous genotypes, like Aa, are not purebred because they contain different alleles.
How does DNA in offspring produced by asexual reproduction compare to DNA in offspring produced by sexual reproduction?
If an offspring was produced through asexual reproduction, its genes will be exactly like its parent. This is more or less a clone of the parent. An example of this is a bacterium. If an offspring is produced through sexual reproduction, it will contain genes from both parents. (such as humans)
