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  • in, this is called osmosis. it is a form of passive transport driven by the higher solute concentration inside the cell than outside. it requires no energy to run.
  • out, this is called reverse osmosis. it is a form of active transport driven by higher pressure inside the cell than outside. it requires energy to create and maintain the pressure difference. living cells do not use this, instead they use a form of active transport involving pore pumpsembedded in the membrane to remove excess water and other undesired chemicals from the cell.
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