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pH is the measure of acidity/alkalinity, 7 being neutral pH, 1 being typically regarded as the most acidic and 14 being typically regarded as the most alkaline. The pH is usually measure using coloured titration reaction, litmus paper or a digital pH meter.

And now for the science. The scale for pH i clearly a strange number for a start, up to 14. The reason for this is that pH is a log scale, in truth it is a negative log scale. It was designed the way it is because the concentration of H ions was so small that is was impractical to write all the 00000s out every time. To find the pH from a concentration of hydorgen ions is fairly simple, -log[H]. No really that's it. To find it from the concentration of OH ions is a little trickier and im no chemist so i don't remember.

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