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What is the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA replication and transcription?
Complementary base pairing is crucial in DNA replication and transcription because it ensures accurate copying of genetic information. During replication, the matching of bases (A with T, and C with G) allows for the faithful duplication of the DNA molecule. In transcription, base pairing helps in the synthesis of messenger RNA from the DNA template, enabling the correct transfer of genetic instructions for protein synthesis. Overall, complementary base pairing is essential for maintaining the integrity and fidelity of genetic information in living organisms.
Is this statement true or false Translation is the stage in protein synthesis during which a complementary mRNA molecule is synthesized from DNA template?
False. Translation is the process in protein synthesis where the mRNA is used as a template to synthesize a protein by assembling amino acids in the correct order. Transcription is the stage where a complementary mRNA molecule is synthesized from a DNA template.
What is the significance of the complementary base pair in the process of DNA replication?
The complementary base pair is important in DNA replication because it ensures that the new DNA strand is an exact copy of the original strand. This pairing allows for accurate replication of genetic information, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the genetic code and passing on correct information to new cells.
Which are characteristics of DNA replication?
DNA replication is semi-conservative, meaning each new DNA molecule contains one strand from the original template and one newly synthesized strand. It occurs through a series of steps including unwinding of the double helix, formation of replication forks, and synthesis of new strands using complementary base pairing. The process is highly accurate due to proofreading mechanisms that help correct errors during replication.
What is the DNA polymerase role in DNA replication?
It checks the DNA for errors
What is the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA replication and transcription?
Complementary base pairing is crucial in DNA replication and transcription because it ensures accurate copying of genetic information. During replication, the matching of bases (A with T, and C with G) allows for the faithful duplication of the DNA molecule. In transcription, base pairing helps in the synthesis of messenger RNA from the DNA template, enabling the correct transfer of genetic instructions for protein synthesis. Overall, complementary base pairing is essential for maintaining the integrity and fidelity of genetic information in living organisms.
Is this statement true or false Translation is the stage in protein synthesis during which a complementary mRNA molecule is synthesized from DNA template?
False. Translation is the process in protein synthesis where the mRNA is used as a template to synthesize a protein by assembling amino acids in the correct order. Transcription is the stage where a complementary mRNA molecule is synthesized from a DNA template.
What is the significance of the complementary base pair in the process of DNA replication?
The complementary base pair is important in DNA replication because it ensures that the new DNA strand is an exact copy of the original strand. This pairing allows for accurate replication of genetic information, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the genetic code and passing on correct information to new cells.
Which are characteristics of DNA replication?
DNA replication is semi-conservative, meaning each new DNA molecule contains one strand from the original template and one newly synthesized strand. It occurs through a series of steps including unwinding of the double helix, formation of replication forks, and synthesis of new strands using complementary base pairing. The process is highly accurate due to proofreading mechanisms that help correct errors during replication.
What is the DNA polymerase role in DNA replication?
It checks the DNA for errors
Which type of enzyme ensures that the correct base for growing the chain is aligned with the template chain?
DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for ensuring that the correct base is aligned with the template chain during DNA replication. It has a proofreading function that helps in accurately replicating the DNA sequence.
Which enzyme is responsible for facilitating the assembling of the complimentary new strand of DNA?
The enzyme responsible for facilitating the assembly of the complementary new strand of DNA is DNA polymerase. During DNA replication, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand by pairing them with the template strand, ensuring accurate base pairing. This enzyme also has proofreading capabilities to correct any mistakes that may occur during the replication process.
What is the significance of complementary base pairs in DNA replication and how do they contribute to the accurate transmission of genetic information?
Complementary base pairs in DNA replication are important because they ensure accuracy in copying genetic information. The pairing of adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine helps maintain the correct sequence of nucleotides during replication. This accurate transmission of genetic information is crucial for the proper functioning and inheritance of traits in organisms.
How does base pairing contribute to the accuracy of DNA replication?
Base pairing in DNA replication ensures that the correct nucleotides are added to the new DNA strand, matching with their complementary bases. This contributes to the accuracy of DNA replication by reducing the chances of errors or mutations in the newly synthesized DNA strand.
How does RNA complementary base pairing contribute to the process of protein synthesis?
RNA complementary base pairing plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by allowing the transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA and then to proteins. During protein synthesis, RNA molecules use complementary base pairing to match with specific sequences on the DNA template, forming a template for the assembly of amino acids into proteins. This process ensures that the correct amino acids are added in the correct order, ultimately determining the structure and function of the protein being synthesized.
Why is the replication process is a source of few mutations?
Some mutations are due to errors in DNA replication. During the replication process, DNA polymerase chooses complementary nucleotide triphosphates from the cellular pool. Then the nucleotide triphosphate is converted to a nucleotide monophosphate and aligned with the template nucleotide. A mismatched nucleotide slips through this selection process only onece per 100,000 base pairs at most. The mismatched nucleotide causes a pause in replication, during which it is excised from the daughter strand and replaced with the correct nucleotide. After this so-called proofreading has occurred, the error rate is only one per 1 billion base pairs.
Which help prevents errors in DNA replication?
each base can can attach to only one other type of base.
