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In general, by torpedoing their enemy's ships. Missile-carrying submarines may be loaded with either nuclear- or conventional- warhead missiles; and carry torpedoes. Conventional submarines are armed only with torpedoes; and some modern types are designed primarily to seek and sink enemy submarines. In WW2 the German U-boats hunted in "wolf-packs" to destroy Allied merchant shipping in convoys across the N.Atlantic. One even managed to creep into the St. Laurence seaway and sink a ship there - former U-boat officers have remarked that the Americans at the time had no concept of black-out precautions, making their task a lot easier. The U-boat attacks on convoys stopped only when advances in anti-submarine warfare raised the attrition rate for the Germans to an unacceptable level. The Nazi's Enigma code machine found by the Royal Navy was the one fitted to a captured U-boat; but most U-boat losses were by sinking by depth-charges.

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12y ago

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