In 1957, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory was selected to develop the nuclear warhead for the UGM-27 Polaris SLBM.
A TRIDENT Submarine most likely refers to the US Navy's OHIO Class Submarines (18 of these were built) They often bear the name of TRIDENT because they were designed to carry Trident Missiles - a submarine launched intercontinental ballistic missile with nuclear warheads.
It's a submarine-launched ballistic missile system comprised of the Trident missile, the special Trident warheads and the Ohio-class ballistic missile sub.
An ALBM is an air-launched ballistic missile, a ballistic missile launched from a bomber.
It was a five-year agreement that froze the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) at 1972 levels. The treaty also included an agreement restricting the development and deployment of antiballistic missile defense systems (ABMs), which were designed to shoot down attacking missiles.
A modified R-7 rocket (originally designed as an inter continental ballistic missile).
The Soviet Union built 4 new classes of submarine-launched ballistic missiles and over 60 new missile submarines.
The M45 submarine-launched ballistic missile was first tested in 1986. It was fired in 2004 from the Vigilant at a target near French Guinea, which it hit.
David Bushnell launched what is regarded as the world's first submarine.
The first atomic submarine known as the Nautilus was launched January 21st 1954
The Irish inventor credited with creating the first modern submarine is John Philip Holland. He designed the Holland I, which launched in 1878 and was the first submarine to be formally commissioned by the U.S. Navy. Holland's innovations laid the groundwork for future submarine technology and development.
Modern submarines carry a wide variety of weapons. An example of a U.S. Navy Fast-Attack Submarine weapons capability includes: Homing Torpedoes (Active and Passive Sonar) Tomahawk Land-Attack Missile (Conventional and Nuclear) Tomahawk Anti-Ship Missile Harpoon Anti-Ship Missile Mines Ballistic Missile submarines can carry those weapons as well, but their primary mission is Nuclear Deterrence, and as such their main weapons are Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles (SLBM's).
As regards torpedoes or missiles, yes, the submarine has weapons that can be launched underwater.