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There was no identifiable first maker of a camera, unless you specify photographic camera, for which the answer would be Nicephore Niepce, in 1816. The camera obscura (dark chamber) was first described in detail in the early 11th century by an Arab scholar named Alhazen (Hassan Ibn Alhaitham or Hassan Ibn Hassan), as a device for safely viewing solar eclipses. The earliest record of a suggestion for a portable camera obscura dates to 1606 (Friedrich Reisner), and Athanasius Kircher illustrated a portable camera obscura in his Ars Magna in 1646. A smaller camera obscura is described by Kaspar Schott in 1657, and an example built by him. Johann Zahn described a number of very small portable cameras in 1685, by which date the device is considered to have been ready and waiting for the invention of Photography (see Gernsheim). The first camera obscura put to photographic use was made in 1816 by Joseph Nicephore Niepce, who took the first negatives on sensitized paper, but was unable to fix the images. The first permanent photo was made using a camera in 1826 by Niepce.

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16y ago

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