A camera.
Photography.
Yes, taking pictures of someone without their consent can be illegal, depending on the circumstances and the laws in your jurisdiction. It is important to respect people's privacy and rights when taking photographs.
Photography.
Yes, lots of them. The HST was built for taking photographs.
A camera
If someone were to be taking candid upskirt photographs, they would be violating the privacy of another person. They would also be partaking in a type of fetish activity.
A camera.
A camera would be my first choice.
an apparatus for taking a series of photographs of moving objects for examination with the kinetoscope
The biggest benefit of using a ring flash when taking photographs is the fact that it illuminates the subject for multiple angles. This allows it to avoid the extra shadows the off-lighting axis creates.
Yes, photographing someone without their permission can be illegal, depending on the circumstances and the laws in the specific jurisdiction. It is important to respect people's privacy and rights when taking photographs.