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Benzene or cyclohexane can be used in ethanol-water separation in order to allow distillation of ethanol past the azeotrope point (96.5% ethanol by volume). Of course the benzene (a known carcinogen) must be separated from the water before the water can be disposed.

Fuel grade ethanol is often separated from water using molecular sieves. In this kind of separation water is entrained in "beads" which absorb water but reject ethanol. These are eventually regenerated for reuse.

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Related Questions

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