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The charge on an atom depends upon its electronegativity(the tendency of an atom to atract the shared paired of eletron),

Therefore the more the atom is electronegative the more it is capable of having negatively charge.

In Periodic Table,from top to bottom it decreases due to increase in the number of shell.

while from left to right it increases (some exception) due to increase in number of electron.

Fluorine is the most electronegative element(E.N=4)

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