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The mass of iron plus the mass of oxygen used in the reaction is equal to the mass of rust formed after the reaction.

Iron, Fe Relative Atomic Mass = 55.85 g/mol

Oxygen, O Ar = 16.00 g/mol

Rust, Fe2O3 Relative Molar Mass = 2 x 55.85 + 3 x 16.00

Mr = 159.7 g/mol

Percentage of iron by mass = (2 x 55.85)/ 159.7 x 100

= 69.94%

Percentage oxygen by mass in rust = 30.06%

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