yes. But this is only part of the story. The simple electrostatic view is a "classical" physics approach and ignores quantum mechanics.
Sharing of electrons between two atoms is called covalent bonding.
covalent bond
Between the electrons of one atom and the nucleus of another.
Atoms are held together by a few forces, depending on how small you look. Quarks (the sub-atomic particles that make up protons and neutrons) are held together by gluons. Protons and neutrons are held together by the strong nuclear force. The nucleus and electrons are held together by the electromagnetic force.
true
attraction to the positively charged nucleus
The best modern answer would involve quantum chemistry, but an easier to understand explanation is that the outermost electrons in fluorine are much closer to the nucleus that provides the attraction to hold the electrons and nucleus together as an atom than are the outermost electrons in iodine. This is sometimes called the "screening effect" of inner shell electrons that weakens the attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons in large atoms such as iodine.
Between the electrons of one atom and the nucleus of another.
A covalent bond is held together by the attractions between the protons in the nucleus and shared electrons.
it is due to the nucleus force of attraction, which is determined by shielding effect.
It is a covalent bond formed when the bonding pair of electrons making the covalent bond is contributed by only one atom. A covalent bond is the electrostatic force of attraction between a pair of electrons and each nucleus of the two atoms making up the bond.
Distance.
... fact that some electrons of the atoms forming a covalent bond can occupy a lower energy orbital, created by sharing the thus bonded electrons between or among the influence of two or more nuclei of the bonded atoms, than the thus-shared electrons can occupy in the individual atoms from which they came into the covalent bond.
Atoms are held together by a few forces, depending on how small you look. Quarks (the sub-atomic particles that make up protons and neutrons) are held together by gluons. Protons and neutrons are held together by the strong nuclear force. The nucleus and electrons are held together by the electromagnetic force.
true
attraction to the positively charged nucleus
1
The best modern answer would involve quantum chemistry, but an easier to understand explanation is that the outermost electrons in fluorine are much closer to the nucleus that provides the attraction to hold the electrons and nucleus together as an atom than are the outermost electrons in iodine. This is sometimes called the "screening effect" of inner shell electrons that weakens the attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons in large atoms such as iodine.
As alkali metals increase in size, the distance of the outermost electrons from the nucleus increases. The attraction between the electrons and the nucleus is electrostatic, and it is a fundamental property of electrostatic attractions that the attraction decreases with increasing distance between the attracting charges. Another way of describing this is that the attractive force is partially "screened" by the inner electrons between the outermost electrons and the nucleus.