Vegetable oil hardens through a process called hydrogenation, where hydrogen atoms are added to the oil molecules. Factors that contribute to this process include temperature, pressure, and the presence of a catalyst such as nickel.
Yes, fire can harden wood by removing moisture and causing the cellulose structure to become more compact. This process is known as pyrolysis. However, excessive heat can also weaken and char the wood.
During linseed oil polymerization, the oil molecules combine and form long chains, creating a solid film when exposed to oxygen. This process helps oil-based paints dry and harden by forming a durable coating on the surface as the oil molecules bond together.
The opposite of harden is soften.
No, plasticine does not harden. It remains soft and pliable, making it reusable for molding and shaping.
When glue is heated, the heat causes the water or solvent in the glue to evaporate, leaving behind the adhesive properties of the glue to harden. The heat accelerates the drying process by removing moisture from the glue, allowing it to solidify and form a strong bond.
Plumber's putty hardens through a process called polymerization, where the oils in the putty react with oxygen in the air to form a solid material. Factors that can affect the hardening process include temperature, humidity, and the thickness of the putty layer.
Wood filler hardens through a process called curing, which involves the evaporation of solvents and the chemical reaction of the filler components. Factors that can affect the hardening process include temperature, humidity, thickness of the filler layer, and the type of filler used.
Vulcanisation.
Vulcanizing
Casting
HydrogenationDuring hydrogenation, vegetable oils are hardened by reacting them with hydrogen gas at about 60ºC. A nickel catalyst is used to speed up the reaction. The double bonds in the vegetable oils are converted into single bonds. This is the way unsaturated fats can be made into saturated fats.
Yes and it makes it spreadable.
UV light initiates a chemical reaction in the resin that causes it to harden. The UV light activates molecules in the resin called photoinitiators, which then start a chain reaction that leads to the hardening of the resin.
Sulphur, in a process called vulcanization.
To harden wire effectively, you can heat it to a high temperature and then cool it quickly, a process known as quenching. This will make the wire stronger and more resistant to bending or deformation.
Stretching itself doesn't directly harden bones, but it can stimulate bone remodeling and strengthen them. When muscles stretch, they exert tension on the bones, which can promote the formation of new bone tissue through a process called mechanotransduction. This process involves the conversion of mechanical stress into biochemical signals that encourage bone density and strength. Regular stretching and weight-bearing exercises contribute to overall bone health by enhancing both muscle and bone resilience.
Solidify is to liquefy as harden is to soften. Just as solidifying refers to the process of turning a liquid into a solid, hardening describes the process of making something firm or rigid, while softening involves making it less firm or more pliable.