1 / Dehydration of 1-propanol
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(H2SO4)
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - OH . . . -----------> . . CH3 -CH = CH2 + H2O
. . . 1-propanol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . propene
2 / Hydration of propen
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Cr2O7(2-))
CH3 - CH = CH2 - OH . . . + . . . H2O . . . ---------------> . . CH3 -CHOH - CH3
. . . . . propene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-propanol
The Markovnikov rule allows us to predict at what carbon atom attaches the hydrogen of H2O : the hydrogen atom attaches to the less substituted carbon atom (the most stable carbocation formation).
I hope to have answered your question.
Ethanol is more polar. Propanol has three ch3-OH groups which affect the polarity, making it less polar.
Fractional distillation can be used to separate ethanol from a mixture of ethanol and propanol. This technique takes advantage of the differences in boiling points of the two compounds to separate them based on their vapor pressures. Ethanol has a lower boiling point than propanol, allowing it to vaporize first and be collected separately.
There are far more than five. Ethanol, methanol, 2-propanol, pentane, and hexane are five extremely common examples.
Yeast is added to the aqueous solution of glucose to convert it into ethanol through fermentation. Yeast enzymes break down glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Alcohol dehydrogenase converts ethanol into acetaldehyde.
Ethanol is more polar. Propanol has three ch3-OH groups which affect the polarity, making it less polar.
alcohol (at least if you are talking about ethanol, methanol, propanol, or iso-propanol)
Ethanol has two carbons, isopropanol has three carbons. So iso-propanol is larger in size.
The cause is the presence of the group -OH.
Hydrogen bonds can form between ethanol, propanol, and methanol due to the presence of hydroxyl groups (OH). Butanol also has potential for hydrogen bonding, while pentane and hexane do not have functional groups that allow for hydrogen bonding.
Merck Index states its miscible with water, alcohol and ether. Alcohol usually refers to ethanol.
Ethanol is generally considered a better fuel than propanol due to its higher energy content, lower toxicity, and compatibility with existing fuel infrastructure. Ethanol is a widely used biofuel for vehicles and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions when compared to traditional gasoline.
To convert 1-propanol to 2-propanol, you can employ an oxidation-reduction reaction. First, 1-propanol (a primary alcohol) is oxidized to propanal (an aldehyde) using an appropriate oxidizing agent like PCC (pyridinium chlorochromate). Then, you can reduce the resulting propanal to 2-propanol (a secondary alcohol) using a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4) or lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4).
Rubbing alcohol is a mixture of ethanol, iso-propanol, a dye etc.
Alcohols such as ethanol, methanol, and 2-propanol fit that description
Fractional distillation can be used to separate ethanol from a mixture of ethanol and propanol. This technique takes advantage of the differences in boiling points of the two compounds to separate them based on their vapor pressures. Ethanol has a lower boiling point than propanol, allowing it to vaporize first and be collected separately.
I think alcohol is the general name of the family of: methanol, ethanol, propanol...