The elements in period 4 that have electrons in the 3d sublevel are elements 21 - 36.
Refer to the Related Links for a printable Periodic Table that includes electron configurations.
The highest sublevel that Promethium can have is 4f. It is possible for 14 electrons to be placed around Promethium, since the elements in this sublevel each have 7 orbitals.
The energy sublevel being filled by the elements Ce to Lu is the 4f sublevel. These elements are part of the lanthanide series and have their outermost electrons entering the 4f orbital.
The set of elements that has electrons added to the 4f sublevel as the atomic number increases are the lanthanide series elements, from cerium (Z = 58) to lutetium (Z = 71). The 4f sublevel can hold up to 14 electrons per element, hence as we move across this series, electrons are successively added to the 4f sublevel.
If the valence electrons are being added to the 4f orbitals, that means the element is lanthanides or actinides which further proves that the element is a heavy element and a member of f -block.
2s: 2 electrons 5p: 6 4f: 14 3d: 10 4d: 10
The highest sublevel that Promethium can have is 4f. It is possible for 14 electrons to be placed around Promethium, since the elements in this sublevel each have 7 orbitals.
The possible values for a 4f sublevel are 14. This means there can be a maximum of 14 electrons in a 4f sublevel.
The energy sublevel being filled by the elements Ce to Lu is the 4f sublevel. These elements are part of the lanthanide series and have their outermost electrons entering the 4f orbital.
The set of elements that has electrons added to the 4f sublevel as the atomic number increases are the lanthanide series elements, from cerium (Z = 58) to lutetium (Z = 71). The 4f sublevel can hold up to 14 electrons per element, hence as we move across this series, electrons are successively added to the 4f sublevel.
If the valence electrons are being added to the 4f orbitals, that means the element is lanthanides or actinides which further proves that the element is a heavy element and a member of f -block.
2s: 2 electrons 5p: 6 4f: 14 3d: 10 4d: 10
There are 7 orbitals in the f sublevel. These orbitals are designated as 4f, 5f, 6f, 7f, 8f, 9f, and 10f.
some atoms have 5, some have none. the max is 5
ten. because a d subshell corresponds to an l value of 2, m_l can be -2,-1,0,1,2. so that's 5 orbitals, and 2 electrons can fit into each one (one with a +1/2 spin and one with a -1/2 spin) so that's 10 electrons total.
Electrons are added to the 4f orbitals from the 5d orbitals in the lanthanide and actinide series of elements. The 4f orbitals are filled after the 5d orbitals are filled due to the overlap in energy levels, leading to the stability of the 4f electrons in these elements.
Lets take the Lanthanides as an example. Lanthanum has its 5d sublevel filled before its 4f, even though the 4f is lower in energy and should, by the Aufbau Principle, be filled first. However, this is an exception because it happens to be the most stable configuration. It has one electron in the 5d sublevel and none in the 4f, and since it has no "f" electrons, it cannot be part of the f-bar's upper row (the Lanthanide series). The Lanthanides themselves will each also have one electron in the 5d sublevel, and the first element will also have one in the 4f sublevel. This trend will continue for all 14, and thus the 4f sublevel is filled. Hafnium, the element immediately after the last Lanthanide, will resume filling the 5d sublevel as normal, with two electrons in it and a completely filled 4f sublevel. The anomaly does not really change much; after all, if the valence electron in Lanthanum were not in the 5d sublevel and instead in the 4f, it would start off the Lanthanide series, there would be 14, and it would simply end one element before it normally does. The numbers all add up, in any case, and this is the natural order of things. For Actinides, replace the word Lanthanum with Actinium, Hafnium with Darmstadtium, 5d with 6d, and 4f with 5f. Everything works out perfectly; all the confusion is just caused by the stubborn little electron who doesn't want to be the first f-block element (and so he moves up into 5d, and stays there while the others take their appropiate places, which are moved one up thanks to his desire to maintain stability).
The maximum number of electrons that can exist in 4f orbitals is 14.-pg. 110 Modern Chemistry table 2:)