Sulfur is a neutral atom in its standard state with 16 protons, 16 electrons, and 16 neutrons. However, it can also form ions by gaining or losing electrons.
An S2- ion has gained two electrons, giving it a 2- charge, while a neutral sulfur atom has an equal number of protons and electrons. This means that the S2- ion has two more electrons than a neutral sulfur atom.
16 electrons
A sulfide ion, S2-, has 18 electrons. A neutral sulfur atom has 16 electrons, the same as the number of protons, which is the atomic number. Since electrons have a negative charge, a sulfur atom must gain two extra electrons in order to form the sulfide ion with a charge of 2-.
When an electron is added to a unipositive ion, the resulting atom gains a negative charge and becomes a neutral atom. The electron neutralizes the positive charge of the ion, balancing the overall charge of the atom.
A neutral atom of sulfur has 16 electrons.
An S2- ion has gained two electrons, giving it a 2- charge, while a neutral sulfur atom has an equal number of protons and electrons. This means that the S2- ion has two more electrons than a neutral sulfur atom.
In a sulfur ion with a charge of 2-, there are 18 electrons (16 from the neutral sulfur atom and two additional electrons to account for the negative charge). The number of protons remains the same as in a neutral sulfur atom, which is 16.
There are 16 protons in an atom of sulfur. All isotopes and ions of the same elements will have the same number of protons regardless of the difference in the number of neutrons or electrons. So the information about the atom being "neutral" is unnecessary.
ion
You can convert a neutral sulfur atom to a sulfide anion (S2-) by adding two extra electrons to the sulfur atom. This will give sulfur a total of 18 electrons and a formal charge of -2, satisfying the octet rule.
A sulfur atom becomes a sulfur ion by losing or gaining electrons. If a sulfur atom loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged sulfur ion (sulfur cation). If it gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged sulfur ion (sulfur anion).
Hydrogen atom is neutral.
A neutral atom, it only becomes an ion after it loses or gains an electron.
16 electrons
A sulfide ion, S2-, has 18 electrons. A neutral sulfur atom has 16 electrons, the same as the number of protons, which is the atomic number. Since electrons have a negative charge, a sulfur atom must gain two extra electrons in order to form the sulfide ion with a charge of 2-.
A sulfur atom gains 2 electrons when it becomes a sulfide ion.
Neutral atom. An atom of nitrogen will also be an isotope of nitrogen.