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Beta glucose and alpha glucose are two different forms of the sugar molecule glucose. The main difference between them lies in the orientation of the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon atom. In beta glucose, the hydroxyl group is positioned above the ring structure, while in alpha glucose, it is positioned below the ring structure.

These structural differences impact their roles in biological processes. Beta glucose is less common in nature and is mainly found in cellulose, a structural component of plant cell walls. Alpha glucose, on the other hand, is more prevalent and is a key component of energy storage molecules like glycogen and starch.

In terms of biological processes, the orientation of the hydroxyl group in beta glucose makes it more stable and suitable for forming long, linear chains in cellulose. Alpha glucose, with its different orientation, is more flexible and can be easily broken down and utilized for energy production in processes like glycolysis.

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