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Two major methods are used in describing charges of atomic particles. One method uses the charge of the proton as a fundamental value and sets it equal to 1. Therefore

Proton: 1e

Neutron: 0

Electron: -1e

The second method measures the charges on a scale of derived units, such as the Coulomb in the SI system. In this system, the value of the charges are

Proton: −1.602176487(40)×10−19 C

Neutron: 0 C

Electron: −1.602176487(40)×10−19 C

The system used will depend on the specific problem. For atomic physics, the first method may be more appropriate. For large-scale electrical engineering projects, the second may be more useful.

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