What is a nucliec acid?

Answer 1

1. Nucleic acids are phosphorous rich, high-molecular weight, bio macromolecule.
   1. It consists of polymerized nucleotides.
   2. Friedrich Miescher first isolated it in 1868 from pus cells.
   3. It is found to be mainly localized in nucleus and few other organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast.
   4. Nucleic acids are of two types namely, De-oxy ribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
   5. DNA differs from RNA in the sugar moiety, nitrogenous base, subtypes and interaction with chemicals.
   6. Different forms of DNA i.e. A, B, C and Z exists based on salts, humidity and base sequence.
   7. Subtypes of RNA include mRNA or messenger RNA, rRNA or ribosomal RNA, tRNA or transfer RNA, etc.
   8. The monomeric unit of nucleic acid - the nucleotide consists of 3 subunits - i.e. pentose sugar (S), phosphoric acid (P) and nitrogenous base (N) as shown in the concept map.
   9. Relating to sugars, de-oxy ribose and ribose sugars are observed in DNA and RNA respectively.
   10. Nitrogenous bases belong to 2 major clases:
2. Purines (1 five and 1 six membered ring eg: Adenine and Guanine)
3. Pyrimidines (1 six membered ring eg. Cytosine, Thymine (DNA), Uracil (RNA))
   1. Sugar and base combine to form nucleoside through glycosidic bond and along with phosphoric acid forms nucleotide via phosphodiester bond.
   2. Nucleotide can be compared with capital "L" - where corner of L stands for sugar, horizontal arm the nitrogenous base and the vertical arm is phosphoric acid. When 1 L combines with another L it forms dinucleotide.
   3. Many nucleotides combine to form polynucleotide. When 2 polynucleotide chain combines they form double helical DNA molecule.
   4. DNA acts as genetic material in eukaryotes and few prokaryotes while RNA is seen in the case of viruses.
   5. They help in perpetual continuation of a race with high fidelity.

Answer 2

A nucleic acid is a macromolecule that is essential for storing and transmitting genetic information in cells. It is made up of nucleotide subunits, which contain a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are two main types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).

Answer 3

A nucliec acid is an acid contained in carbohydrates.

Answer 4

A nucleic acid are organic molecules that allow organisms to transfer genetic information from one generation to the next.

Answer 5

The main function of nucleic acids is to store and transmit genetic material in the body. DNA and RNA are two types of nucleic acids, biological molecules found in life.

Answer 6

Nucleic acid is the overall term for DNA and RNA molecules. They are the most important molecules for all living things known to us.

Answer 7

nucleic acid is a substance that is used to form different substances such as gas and chlorophyl