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How many electron shells woul be completely filled by a neutral atom of calcium?
A neutral atom of calcium has 20 electrons. Electrons fill the electron shells in order of increasing energy levels, with the first shell holding a maximum of 2 electrons, the second shell holding a maximum of 8 electrons, the third shell holding a maximum of 18 electrons, and the fourth shell holding the remaining 2 electrons. Thus, three electron shells (the first three shells) would be completely filled by a neutral atom of calcium.
Is ionization energy exothermic?
Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. It is an endothermic process because energy is needed to overcome the electrostatic force holding the electron to the nucleus.
What is the charge of the electorn?
The charge of neutron is 0, as it is neutral. The charge of proton is 1.6x 10 to the power -19 coulomb. The charge of electron is -1.6x10 to the power -19 coulomb.
Why is the sodium atom smaller than the chlorine atom in a salt molcule?
The sodium atom loses an electron to chlorine. Chlorine has a higher electronegativity so it attracts the electron from sodium. Sodium now has 11 positive protons holding only 10 electrons whereas chlorine has an extra electron to control. Chlorine has 17 protons holding 18 negative electrons, therefore, its proton to electron ratio has gone down. Sodium's proton to electron ratio went up, therefore, the electrons are closer to the nucleus and the ionic radius is less than the atomic radius.
Why would an increase in atomic radius make it easier to lose an outer electron?
It's because as atomic radius increases, so do the number of electron shells. The full electron shells closer to the nucleus act like a barrier or shield that reduces the pulling force exerted by the Nucleus on the outer electron. Since the nucleus's pulling force is reduced, an electron on the outer shell can escape much more easily.
When was Power Holding Company of Nigeria created?
Power Holding Company of Nigeria was created in 1972.
What is the power source of a electron microscope?
The power source of an electron microscope is electricity. The instrument requires a stable power supply to generate and control the electron beam used to magnify the sample being observed. The power is typically supplied through a dedicated electrical outlet or power source connected to the microscope.
What is the resolving power for an electron microscope?
The resolving power of an electron microscope is typically around 0.2 nanometers, which is much higher than that of a light microscope. This allows electron microscopes to visualize objects at the atomic scale.
Which has the least resolving power?
A transmission electron microscope.
Which microscope has the greatest magnifying power?
Electron microscopes have the greatest magnifying power among microscopes, capable of magnifying up to 1,000,000x. This is because they use electron beams instead of light, allowing for much higher resolution and magnification.
What does NADH and FADH2 power?
NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that power the electron transport chain in cellular respiration. This process generates ATP, the cell's main energy currency, by transferring electrons from NADH and FADH2 to molecular oxygen.
Who are the high ranking officials holding the power during the Abbasid Dynasty?
The high ranking officials holding the power during the Abbasid Dynasty were Saladin, and al-Adil.
Can we observe living organisms in an electron microscope?
No - because the power generated by the electron beam destroys any living tissue.
Can you generate the electricity by the moving of proton as electron?
No. While the proton has the opposite charge of the electron, the proton will not flow from atom to atom like the electron does because the strong atomic force holding the proton in the nucleus is much more powerful than the electromagnetic force.
What limits the resolving power of an electron microscope?
The resolving power of an electron microscope is limited by the wavelength of the electrons being used, which is much smaller than that of visible light. Additionally, aberrations in the electron optics and sample distortion can also limit the resolution.
What is a quantum number?
Four quantum numbers are used to describe electrons. The principle quantum number is the energy level of an electron. The angular momentum number is the shape of the orbital holding the electron. The magnetic quantum number is the position of an orbital holding an electron. The spin quantum number is the spin of an electron.
When comparing the energy of an electron in the 3d sub-level to that of an electron in the 4s sublevel of the same atom?
They are both capable of holding a maximum of 10
