Electrons are most likely to be found within certain regions around the nucleus.
Electrons form a cloud of electrons outside and around the whole core of the atom where protons and neutrons resides.
Electrons are placed in an atom in order of increasing energy of shells.
In probable cloud locations
how do modern scientists describe the makeup of matter
atom
Any substance composed of atoms, that has mass and occupies space.
Two electrons imply that the element is in the second period. The 4 valence electrons says that it is located in group 4A (or group 14 in modern notation). Hence, this element is carbon.The element has 2 electron shells means the element is in the 2nd group. This element is carbon. It has 4 valence electrons.
The best modern answer would involve quantum chemistry, but an easier to understand explanation is that the outermost electrons in fluorine are much closer to the nucleus that provides the attraction to hold the electrons and nucleus together as an atom than are the outermost electrons in iodine. This is sometimes called the "screening effect" of inner shell electrons that weakens the attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons in large atoms such as iodine.
Location and momentum. You can determine either, but not both.
Aluminium (Al) has three valence electrons.
The Bohr atom imagined that electrons orbit the nucleus in much the same way that planets orbit the sun. The modern atomic model has electrons in the form of a cloud that surrounds the nucleus without actually moving in orbit around it. Moving electrons would have to emit photons, lose energy, and spiral into the nucleus, thus destroying the atom. They don't really orbit.
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modern banking
how did people came up with the idea of the aeolipile without modern understanding
how do modern scientists describe the makeup of matter
No, it was not.
According to the modern theory of quantum mechanics the electrons have a vibrating wave character and hence uncertain positions.Sometimes,they are close to the nucleus and sometimes away from it.Thus we can say that the paths of motion of electrons around the nucleus are not definite
A modern day name for cathode rays is an electrons.
Ptolemy
Barium has two valence electrons, as can be deduced from its placement in Group 2 of the modern periodic table.