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A blood glycoprotein to which copper is bound during transport and storage.
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Which are the metals present in human body?
Elements in Animals and Humans Animals and humans have similar evolutionary backgrounds. Specific elements play critical roles in the structures of proteins and the activities of enzymes. The purpose of this page is to outline some of the uses of elements in the structure of animals and humans and to illustrate why these elements are essential in the body and for optimal health. * Calcium (Ca)Structure of bone and teeth. * Phosphorous (Ph)Structure of bone and teeth. Required for ATP, the energy carrier in animals. * Magnesium (Mg)Important in bone structure. Deficiency results in tetany (muscle spasms) and can lead to a calcium deficiency. * Sodium (Na)Major electrolyte of blood and extracellular fluid. Required for maintenance of pH and osmotic balance. * Potassium (K)Major electrolyte of blood and intracellular fluid. Required for maintenance of pH and osmotic balance. * Chlorine (Cl)Major electrolyte of blood and extracellular and intracellular fluid. Required for maintenance of pH and osmotic balance. * Sulfur (S)Element of the essential amino acids methionine and cysteine. Contained in the vitamins thiamin and biotin. As part of glutathione it is required for detoxification. Poor growth due to reduced protein synthesis and lower glutathione levels potentially increasing oxidative or xenobiotic damage are consequences of low sulfur and methionine and/or cysteine intake. * Iron (Fe)Contained in hemoglobin and myoglobin which are required for oxygen transport in the body. Part of the cytochrome p450 family of enzymes. Anemia is the primary consequence of iron deficiency. Excess iron levels can enlarge the liver, may provoke Diabetes and cardiac falurer. The genetic disease hemochromatosis results from excess iron absorption. Similar symptoms can be produced through excessive transfusions required for the treatment of other diseases. * Copper (Cu)Contained in enzymes of the ferroxidase (ceruloplasmin?) system which regulates iron transport and facilitates release from storage. A structural element in the enzymes tyrosinase, cytochrome c oxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase, amine oxidases, and the antioxidant enzyme copper zinc superoxide dismutase. A copper deficiency can result in anemia from reduced ferroxidase function. Excess copper levels cause liver malfunction and are associated with genetic disorder Wilson's Disease * Manganese (Mn)Major component of the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase. A manganese deficiency can lead to improper bone formation and reproductive disorders. An excess of manganese can lead to poor iron absorption. * Iodine (I)Required for production of thyroxine which plays an important role in metabolic rate. Deficient or excessive iodine intake can cause goiter (an enlarged thyroid gland). * Zinc (Zn)Important for reproductive function due to its use in FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (leutinizing hormone). Required for DNA binding of zinc finger proteins which regulate a variety of activities. A component of the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase carbonic anhydrase, ribonuclease, DNA Polymerase and the antioxidant copper zinc superoxide dismutase. An excess of zinc may cause anemia or reduced bone formation. * Selenium (Se)Contained in the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase and heme oxidase. Deficiency results in oxidative membrane damage with different effects in different species. Human deficiency causes cardiomyopathy (heart damage) and is known as Keshan's disease. * Fluorine (Fl)* Cobolt (Co)Contained in vitamin B12. An excess may cause cardiac failure. * Molybdenum (Mo)Contained in the enzyme xanthine oxidase. Required for the excretion of nitrogen in uric acid in birds. An excess can cause diarrhea and growth reduction. * Chromium (Cr)A cofactor in the regulation of sugar levels. Chromium deficiency may cause hyperglycemia (elevated blood sugar) and glucosuria (glucose in the urine). Rats have been shown to have improved growth on diets which contain other micro nutrients. These include: * Lead (Pb)* Nickel (Ni)* Silicon (Si)* Vanadium (Vn)These elements are all toxic at high levels. SOURCE: http://www.csua.berkeley.edu/~wuhsi/elements.htmlEducational Website
What is the importance of transition metals in the human body?
Animals and humans have similar evolutionary backgrounds. Specific elements play critical roles in the structures of proteins and the activities of enzymes. The purpose of this page is to outline some of the uses of elements in the structure of animals and humans and to illustrate why these elements are essential in the body and for optimal health. * Calcium (Ca)Structure of bone and teeth. * Phosphorous (Ph)Structure of bone and teeth. Required for ATP, the energy carrier in animals. * Magnesium (Mg)Important in bone structure. Deficiency results in tetany (muscle spasms) and can lead to a calcium deficiency. * Sodium (Na)Major electrolyte of blood and extracellular fluid. Required for maintenance of pH and osmotic balance. * Potassium (K)Major electrolyte of blood and intracellular fluid. Required for maintenance of pH and osmotic balance. * Chlorine (Cl)Major electrolyte of blood and extracellular and intracellular fluid. Required for maintenance of pH and osmotic balance. * Sulfur (S)Element of the essential amino acids methionine and cysteine. Contained in the vitamins thiamin and biotin. As part of glutathione it is required for detoxification. Poor growth due to reduced protein synthesis and lower glutathione levels potentially increasing oxidative or xenobiotic damage are consequences of low sulfur and methionine and/or cysteine intake. * Iron (Fe)Contained in hemoglobin and myoglobin which are required for oxygen transport in the body. Part of the cytochrome p450 family of enzymes. Anemia is the primary consequence of iron deficiency. Excess iron levels can enlarge the liver, may provoke diabetes and cardiac falurer. The genetic disease hemochromatosis results from excess iron absorption. Similar symptoms can be produced through excessive transfusions required for the treatment of other diseases. * Copper (Cu)Contained in enzymes of the ferroxidase (ceruloplasmin?) system which regulates iron transport and facilitates release from storage. A structural element in the enzymes tyrosinase, cytochrome c oxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase, amine oxidases, and the antioxidant enzyme copper zinc superoxide dismutase. A copper deficiency can result in anemia from reduced ferroxidase function. Excess copper levels cause liver malfunction and are associated with genetic disorder Wilson's Disease * Manganese (Mn)Major component of the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase. A manganese deficiency can lead to improper bone formation and reproductive disorders. An excess of manganese can lead to poor iron absorption. * Iodine (I)Required for production of thyroxine which plays an important role in metabolic rate. Deficient or excessive iodine intake can cause goiter (an enlarged thyroid gland). * Zinc (Zn)Important for reproductive function due to its use in FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (leutinizing hormone). Required for DNA binding of zinc finger proteins which regulate a variety of activities. A component of the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase carbonic anhydrase, ribonuclease, DNA Polymerase and the antioxidant copper zinc superoxide dismutase. An excess of zinc may cause anemia or reduced bone formation. * Selenium (Se)Contained in the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase and heme oxidase. Deficiency results in oxidative membrane damage with different effects in different species. Human deficiency causes cardiomyopathy (heart damage) and is known as Keshan's disease. * Fluorine (Fl)* Cobolt (Co)Contained in vitamin B12. An excess may cause cardiac failure. * Molybdenum (Mo)Contained in the enzyme xanthine oxidase. Required for the excretion of nitrogen in uric acid in birds. An excess can cause diarrhea and growth reduction. * Chromium (Cr)A cofactor in the regulation of sugar levels. Chromium deficiency may cause hyperglycemia (elevated blood sugar) and glucosuria (glucose in the urine). Rats have been shown to have improved growth on diets which contain other micro nutrients. These include: * Lead (Pb)* Nickel (Ni)* Silicon (Si)* Vanadium (Vn)These elements are all toxic at high levels. Source:http://www.csua.berkeley.edu/~wuhsi/elements.htmlEducational Website
Which carries copper in plasma proteins?
Copper in plasma is mainly carried by ceruloplasmin, a copper-binding protein. Ceruloplasmin promotes copper transport in the blood and helps regulate copper levels in the body.
What is Ceruloplasmin used for in the body?
Ceruloplasmin is an enzyme that is important in the human body. It is synthesized by the liver. It carries much copper and has a major role in iron metabolism.
What is an aceruloplasminemia?
An aceruloplasminemia is a lack of ceruloplasmin in the blood, or the disorder associated with it.
What is the dangerous of ceruloplasmin?
Ceruloplasmin itself is not inherently dangerous; rather, it is a copper-carrying protein in the blood that plays a crucial role in iron metabolism and antioxidant defense. However, abnormal levels of ceruloplasmin can indicate health issues. Low levels may be associated with Wilson's disease, leading to copper accumulation and toxicity, while high levels can occur in conditions like inflammation and certain cancers. Monitoring ceruloplasmin levels is important for diagnosing and managing these conditions.
Which blood protein transports copper?
The blood protein that transports copper is ceruloplasmin. Ceruloplasmin helps regulate copper levels in the body by binding to copper and transporting it to where it is needed, such as to the liver for storage or to cells for use in various biochemical processes.
Why do birth control hormones make plasma green in blood donors?
Birth control pills (BCPs) mimic pregnancy during which the lelvel of a copper containing protein ceruloplasmin is elevated. Just like oxidized copper turns green (verdigris= Copper ++) think statue of liberty!
What is Wilson's Disease?
it is a rare diorder of abnormal copper metabolism and is characterised by: hepatolenticular degeneration. copper get deposited in abnormal amounts in liver and lenticular nucleus of brain leading to necrosis of liver and brain. low level of copper and ceruloplasmin in plasma with increased excretion of copper in urine, copper deposition in kidneys causes renal damage. causes: failure in the synthesis of ceruloplasmin. excess copper in plasma. reduced intestinal excretion of copper. treatment: penicillamine.
Are there Genetic Diseases similar to Wilson disease?
I'm not a doctor. I don't know that the diagnoses of lyme and wilson's would normally overlap, but my husband is an atypical case. He has late stage neurological lyme disease and the doctors are testing him for Wilson's disease as a differential diagnosis. I think mostly to rule it out. HisLooking into Wilson's because:My husband is in his 20s,has dystonia and myoclonic jerks,as well as emotional and cognitive changes.Slightly elevated liver enzymeshis ceruloplasmin test came back in range, but on the very low end of normalHe doesn't recall a tickbite and never noticed a bullseye rash but has tested positive for lyme.
Ceruloplasmin?
DefinitionCeruloplasmin is a copper-containing protein. This article discusses the test to measure the level of the protein in the clear liquid part of the blood (serum).How the test is performedBlood is typically drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The site is cleaned with germ-killing medicine (antiseptic). The health care provider wraps an elastic band around the upper arm to apply pressure to the area and make the vein swell with blood.Next, the health care provider gently inserts a needle into the vein. The blood collects into an airtight vial or tube attached to the needle. The elastic band is removed from your arm.Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding.In infants or young children, a sharp tool called a lancet may be used to puncture the skin and make it bleed. The blood collects into a small glass tube called a pipette, or onto a slide or test strip. A bandage may be placed over the area if there is any bleeding.How to prepare for the testNo fasting or other preparation is usually needed.How the test will feelWhen the needle is inserted to draw blood, you may feel moderate pain, or only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.Why the test is performedYour health care provider may order this test if you have signs or symptoms of a copper metabolism or copper storage disorder.Normal ValuesNormal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.What abnormal results meanLower-than-normal ceruloplasmin levels may indicate:Menkes' syndrome (Menkes' kinky hair syndrome) -- very rareWilson's copper storage disease (rare)Greater-than-normal ceruloplasmin levels may indicate:PregnancyLymphomaAcute and chronicinfectionsRheumatoid arthritisWhat the risks areThere is very little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:Excessive bleedingFainting or feeling light-headedHematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)ReferencesKowdley KV. Inherited and metabolic hepatic disorders. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 154.
What has the author Mary Winchester Abbott written?
Mary Winchester Abbott has written books such as "Behind the Mask: The Life of Vita Sackville-West" and "A Russian Novel." She is known for her biographies of notable figures and her exploration of Russian art and culture.
What are (at least) 5 properties of water?
(1) Plasma proteins are large molecules with molecular weights ranging mostly from 50,000 to 300,000 Daltons. (2) With the notable exception of albumin, nearly all plasma proteins are Glycoproteins, containing oligosaccharides. The oligosaccharide chains are responsible for certain properties of plasma proteins like solubility, viscosity, charge, denaturation etc. (3) like most other proteins, their charged residues tend to be located on the surface. (4) Many plasma proteins exhibit polymorphism. Polymorphism is a Mendelian trait that exists in the population in at least two phenotypes, neither of which is rare. Plasma proteins showing polymorphism are haptoglobin, transferring, ceruloplasmin, and immunoglobulin. Due to the large size of the protein molecules, (5) they can be separated from the plasma by ultracentrifugation (unlike electrolytes or other smaller molecules). (6) They are unable to pass across the capillary membrane and consequently exert an oncotic pressure of about 25 mm Hg. (7) Owing to their size and particularly their shape, they greatly contribute to blood viscosity. The plasma protein fibrinogen is a significant contributor to blood viscosity. Due to the presence of polar residues on their surfaces, (8) the protein molecules are soluble in water. (9) The molecules show electrophoretic mobility. (10) The molecules are amphoteric. This is because the polar residues comprise both NH2 and COOH groups.
What are the the properties of plasma?
(1) Plasma proteins are large molecules with molecular weights ranging mostly from 50,000 to 300,000 Daltons. (2) With the notable exception of albumin, nearly all plasma proteins are Glycoproteins, containing oligosaccharides. The oligosaccharide chains are responsible for certain properties of plasma proteins like solubility, viscosity, charge, denaturation etc. (3) like most other proteins, their charged residues tend to be located on the surface. (4) Many plasma proteins exhibit polymorphism. Polymorphism is a Mendelian trait that exists in the population in at least two phenotypes, neither of which is rare. Plasma proteins showing polymorphism are haptoglobin, transferring, ceruloplasmin, and immunoglobulin. Due to the large size of the protein molecules, (5) they can be separated from the plasma by ultracentrifugation (unlike electrolytes or other smaller molecules). (6) They are unable to pass across the capillary membrane and consequently exert an oncotic pressure of about 25 mm Hg. (7) Owing to their size and particularly their shape, they greatly contribute to blood viscosity. The plasma protein fibrinogen is a significant contributor to blood viscosity. Due to the presence of polar residues on their surfaces, (8) the protein molecules are soluble in water. (9) The molecules show electrophoretic mobility. (10) The molecules are amphoteric. This is because the polar residues comprise both NH2 and COOH groups.
